{"id":1511,"date":"2020-07-25T01:01:00","date_gmt":"2020-07-25T01:01:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.osmosis.org\/blog\/?p=1511"},"modified":"2025-11-04T12:59:36","modified_gmt":"2025-11-04T20:59:36","slug":"key-resources-to-study-the-renal-system","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.osmosis.org\/blog\/key-resources-to-study-the-renal-system","title":{"rendered":"Key Resources to Study the Renal System"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_80 ez-toc-wrap-center counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">In This Article<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.osmosis.org\/blog\/key-resources-to-study-the-renal-system\/#Start_with_the_Big_Picture_and_Fill_in_the_Details\" >Start with the Big Picture and Fill in the Details<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.osmosis.org\/blog\/key-resources-to-study-the-renal-system\/#Urinary_Tract_System\" >Urinary Tract System&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.osmosis.org\/blog\/key-resources-to-study-the-renal-system\/#Adrenal_Gland\" >Adrenal Gland<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.osmosis.org\/blog\/key-resources-to-study-the-renal-system\/#Pathology_of_the_Urinary_Tract\" >Pathology of the Urinary Tract<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.osmosis.org\/blog\/key-resources-to-study-the-renal-system\/#Use_Visuals_to_Your_Advantage\" >Use Visuals to Your Advantage<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.osmosis.org\/blog\/key-resources-to-study-the-renal-system\/#Apply_Your_Knowledge_to_Physiology_and_Pathophysiology\" >Apply Your Knowledge to Physiology and Pathophysiology<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.osmosis.org\/blog\/key-resources-to-study-the-renal-system\/#Testing_Your_Knowledge\" >Testing Your Knowledge<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.osmosis.org\/blog\/key-resources-to-study-the-renal-system\/#Key_Takeaways\" >Key Takeaways<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.osmosis.org\/blog\/key-resources-to-study-the-renal-system\/#About_the_Author\" >About the Author<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>In today\u2019s blog post, Osmosis Medical Education Fellow Antoinette Leonard-Jean Charles shares her tips on studying the renal system<\/strong>\u2014one of the most challenging organ systems in medical school!<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Though it\u2019s challenging to learn all the necessary material in medical school, it\u2019s doable once you figure out what <strong>tools and study techniques<\/strong> to use. Of course, this typically takes some trial and error. Personally, I like to apply a <strong>systematic approach to learning.<\/strong> In this blog, I\u2019ll provide you with some <strong>tips and resources for studying nephrology<\/strong>, a topic many medical school students find challenging.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Start_with_the_Big_Picture_and_Fill_in_the_Details\"><\/span>Start with the Big Picture and Fill in the Details<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When you begin, start with the <strong>big picture.<\/strong> What is the organ you\u2019re studying? What is its <strong>physiological role?<\/strong> Start with \u201cobvious\u201d information, and gradually fill in the details. This will allow you to establish a <strong>foundation of knowledge.<\/strong> Here is an example of what my notes look like as I\u2019m going through this process; feel free to talk through this exercise, or write it out like I do.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"467\" src=\"https:\/\/www.osmosis.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/09\/2024-09-09T190329.554.png\" alt=\"A student posing for a photo with and holding a big frame.\" class=\"wp-image-1513\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.osmosis.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/09\/2024-09-09T190329.554.png 700w, https:\/\/www.osmosis.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/09\/2024-09-09T190329.554.png?resize=300,200 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Urinary_Tract_System\"><\/span>Urinary Tract System&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The <strong>adrenal gland, kidney, bladder, and genitalia<\/strong> are part of the urinary tract system, which&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.osmosis.org\/learn\/Renal_clearance\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>filters water-soluble waste from the blood<\/strong><\/a>, such as ions, water, and toxins. It also <strong>controls&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.osmosis.org\/learn\/Blood_pressure,_blood_flow,_and_resistance\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">blood volume and pressure<\/a><\/strong>, controls production of <strong>red blood cells<\/strong>, and <strong>metabolizes&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.osmosis.org\/learn\/Vitamin_D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">vitamin D<\/a><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Adrenal_Gland\"><\/span>Adrenal Gland<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The adrenal gland synthesizes <strong>cholesterol hormones<\/strong> (growth and sexual development), <strong>epinephrine<\/strong>, and <strong>norepinephrine.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pathology_of_the_Urinary_Tract\"><\/span>Pathology of the Urinary Tract<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;Any malfunction of the urinary tract system can cause <strong>anemia,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.osmosis.org\/learn\/Osteoporosis\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">brittle bones<\/a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.osmosis.org\/learn\/Hypertension\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">hypertension<\/a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.osmosis.org\/learn\/Hyponatremia\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">edema<\/a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.osmosis.org\/learn\/Kidney_stones\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">kidney stones<\/a>, <\/strong>or a&nbsp;<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.osmosis.org\/learn\/Urinary_incontinence\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">change in urine output<\/a><\/strong>. (Make sure to exhaust all possibilities when constructing a list like this!)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Next, it\u2019s time to learn <strong>embryology and histology.<\/strong> <strong>Histology<\/strong> is the study of the <strong>cellular units of function<\/strong> of an organ. <strong>Embryology<\/strong> involves learning the <strong>development of the organ.<\/strong> Don\u2019t panic! Though embryology and histology can be challenging, walking through the information systematically will help you internalize the concepts.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In a similar fashion to the exercise above, I take notes as follows:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Nephron:<\/strong> A nephron is a single functional unit in the kidney. It consists of <strong>Bowman\u2019s capsule, the proximal convoluted tubule, descending and ascending loops of Henle, distal convoluted tubule, and collecting ducts.<\/strong> The collecting ducts empty into <strong>minor and major calyces<\/strong>, which empty into the <strong>urethra.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">You\u2019re all set to proceed to the next step.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Anatomy and physiology of the kidneys, urinary bladder, ureters, urethra, and nephron\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/805VoHIIQCs?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"250\" src=\"https:\/\/www.osmosis.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/09\/2024-09-09T190357.132.png\" alt=\"Osmosis sign up ad\" class=\"wp-image-1514\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.osmosis.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/09\/2024-09-09T190357.132.png 700w, https:\/\/www.osmosis.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/09\/2024-09-09T190357.132.png?resize=300,107 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.osmosis.org\/plans\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Use_Visuals_to_Your_Advantage\"><\/span>Use Visuals to Your Advantage<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Drawing<\/strong> is a fun way to get engaged in the learning process. It can help you <strong>remember structures (and their functions) visually.<\/strong> If you find drawing challenging, feel free to utilize <strong>prepared images<\/strong>, like this one from <strong>Osmosis:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"427\" src=\"https:\/\/www.osmosis.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/09\/2024-09-09T190438.975.png\" alt=\"Title: Kidneys\n\nRenal Medulla\n\n* 10 to 18 renal pyramids\n* Renal papilla (nipples)\n\nRenal Cortex\n\n* Outer cortical zone\n* Inner juxtamedullary zone\n\nOther structures\n\n* Ureter\n* Renal pelvis\n* Major calyces\n* Minor calyces\n* Renal columns\n* Renal lobes\n\" class=\"wp-image-1515\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.osmosis.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/09\/2024-09-09T190438.975.png 700w, https:\/\/www.osmosis.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/09\/2024-09-09T190438.975.png?resize=300,183 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The major shapes in histology are <strong>cuboidal, columnar,<\/strong> and <strong>squamous.<\/strong> Once you understand what their functions are, it becomes easier to identify the organ in question. For example, in the <strong>proximal convoluted tubule<\/strong>, villi are involved in <strong>reabsorption and excretion.<\/strong> Using what you know about <strong>cuboidal and columnar cell shapes<\/strong> can help you identify villi! Drawing is a powerful way to familiarize yourself with these shapes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Next, it\u2019s time to learn <strong>embryology.<\/strong> Embryology is valuable for helping one understand the <strong>interconnectedness between different organ systems<\/strong> and how they rely on one another. I found the following <strong>Osmosis video<\/strong> incredibly helpful for learning the development of the <strong>renal system.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Development of the renal system - embryology, physiology\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/jUHoEAFZVa0?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"467\" src=\"https:\/\/www.osmosis.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/09\/2024-09-09T190505.270.png\" alt=\"Title: Kidney\n- Allantois\n- Cloaca\n- Ureteric bud\n- Metanephric Mesenchyme\n- Mesonephros\n- Mesonephric Duct\n- Pronephros (degenerating)\n\" class=\"wp-image-1516\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.osmosis.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/09\/2024-09-09T190505.270.png 700w, https:\/\/www.osmosis.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/09\/2024-09-09T190505.270.png?resize=300,200 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Apply_Your_Knowledge_to_Physiology_and_Pathophysiology\"><\/span>Apply Your Knowledge to Physiology and Pathophysiology<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Now that you know the <strong>anatomy, embryology, and histology<\/strong> of the organ system, it\u2019s time to learn <strong>physiology and pathophysiology.<\/strong> You can apply the same exercise as in step one: start with the <strong>big picture<\/strong>, and fill in the details. Don\u2019t forget to create a drawing! My notes look as follows:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>Form:<\/strong> Some important structures in the renal system are: <strong>nephron derivatives, collecting ducts, alpha-intercalated cells,<\/strong> and <strong>microvilli.<\/strong> The nephron is a single functional unit in the kidney.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>Function:<\/strong> The kidney is responsible for <strong>regulating blood pressure, detoxifying the blood,<\/strong> and <strong>hormone production.<\/strong> It can affect other systems.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/www.osmosis.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/09\/2024-09-09T190522.261.png\" alt=\"Drawing of a structure and function of kidneys, including:\n\nDistal convoluted tubule\nCollection duct\nMinor calyces\nProximal convoluted tubule\nThe Nephron Loop\nand the Loop of Henle\n- Descending limb\n- Ascending limb\" class=\"wp-image-1517\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.osmosis.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/09\/2024-09-09T190522.261.png 700w, https:\/\/www.osmosis.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/09\/2024-09-09T190522.261.png?resize=300,171 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>Great! It\u2019s&nbsp;time to learn <a href=\"https:\/\/www.osmosis.org\/home\/library?topic=Renal&amp;show=concepts\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>pathology<\/strong><\/a>. Your understanding of the <strong>form and function<\/strong> of the renal system should help you learn pathologies. At this stage, you may also learn any associated <strong>microbiology and pharmacology.<\/strong> Make sure to utilize your <strong>sketches of the nephron<\/strong> to add labels where appropriate; these drawings will become useful references.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This entire process should take a few days. Don\u2019t forget to allocate a day or two for <strong>review and practice questions.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Testing_Your_Knowledge\"><\/span>Testing Your Knowledge<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Now that you\u2019ve walked through the <strong>anatomy, histology, embryology, physiology,<\/strong> and <strong>pathophysiology<\/strong> of the renal system, it\u2019s time to <strong>test your knowledge.<\/strong> Answering <strong>practice questions<\/strong> gives you insight into what your weaknesses are and how to address them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The following are my <strong>tips and resources<\/strong> for testing your knowledge in medical school.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Aim to&nbsp;<strong>create questions daily<\/strong>&nbsp;based on your learning objectives.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>On a weekly basis, utilize your <strong>school\u2019s question bank,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.osmosis.org\/blog\/2019\/11\/13\/how-to-use-usmle-question-banks-efficiently-on-osmosis\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Osmosis questions<\/a>, and USMLE\u00ae Step 1 questions (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.usmle-rx.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>USMLE-Rx<\/em><\/a>&nbsp;<\/strong>and&nbsp;<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.uworld.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>UWorld<\/em><\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;are great for this) to test your knowledge.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Make sure that you\u2019re answering<strong>&nbsp;increasingly difficult questions<\/strong>&nbsp;in order to challenge yourself.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Refer to&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.mhprofessional.com\/usmle\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>First Aid for the USMLE\u00ae Step 1<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/books.osmosis.org\/products\/osmosis-high-yield-physiology-notes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Osmosis High-Yield&nbsp;Physiology Notes<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;as you learn an organ system in order to familiarize yourself with its content.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Congratulations! You\u2019ve done a great job committing all this information to memory. While at first it may have been daunting, <strong>writing, drawing, and testing your knowledge<\/strong> have surely made you more comfortable with the material. You can apply this technique to <strong>any organ system<\/strong> you learn in medical school. <strong>Happy learning!<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Key_Takeaways\"><\/span>Key Takeaways<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Begin with a broad overview, then fill in detailed anatomy and function.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Use drawings and visuals to reinforce learning and retention.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Study embryology to understand organ development and connections.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Link physiology with pathophysiology to grasp disease mechanisms.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Regularly test yourself with practice questions to identify weaknesses and improve.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"About_the_Author\"><\/span>About the Author<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Antoinette Leonard-Jean Charles<\/strong> is an MS III at&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.auis.edu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">American University of Integrative Sciences School of Medicine<\/a>, and a member of the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.osmosis.org\/omef\"><strong>Osmosis Medical Education Fellowship Program<\/strong><\/a>. She&#8217;s passionate about <strong>health equity, women&#8217;s health, <\/strong>and <strong>clinical education<\/strong>.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.osmosis.org\/blog\/2020\/06\/04\/all-your-usmle-step-1-questions-answered-the-osmosis-ultimate-guide\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.osmosis.org\/ultimate-guide\/usmle-step-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"250\" src=\"https:\/\/www.osmosis.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/09\/2024-09-09T190542.661.png\" alt=\"The ultimate guide to the USMLE Step 1: everything you need to know. Read now button.\" class=\"wp-image-1518\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.osmosis.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/09\/2024-09-09T190542.661.png 700w, https:\/\/www.osmosis.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/09\/2024-09-09T190542.661.png?resize=300,107 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>The United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE\u00ae) is a joint program of the Federation of State Medical Boards (FSMB\u00ae) and National Board of Medical Examiners (NBME\u00ae). Osmosis is not affiliated with NBME nor FSMB.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong><em>Try Osmosis today! Access your&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.osmosis.org\/plans\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">free trial<\/a>&nbsp;and find out why millions of clinicians and caregivers love learning with us.<\/em><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Struggling with nephrology? Learn a stepwise approach to mastering the renal system: big picture overview, anatomy, embryology, histology, physiology, pathology, and practice questions.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":40,"featured_media":1512,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[27,35,47],"tags":[68,2209,2213,658,213,2212,84,2210,2208,2211,2031,1282,463,2207,2214],"class_list":["post-1511","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-medicine","category-osmosis-health-leadership-initiative-ohli","category-study-tips-and-techniques","tag-active-recall","tag-anatomy-and-physiology","tag-embryology","tag-histology","tag-learning-strategies","tag-medical-drawing","tag-medical-education","tag-medical-school-tips","tag-nephrology-study","tag-nephron","tag-osmosis-study-tools","tag-pathophysiology","tag-practice-questions","tag-renal-system","tag-usmle-step-1-prep"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Key Resources to Study the Renal System - Osmosis Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.osmosis.org\/blog\/key-resources-to-study-the-renal-system\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Key Resources to Study the Renal System - Osmosis Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Struggling with nephrology? 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