Approach to encephalopathy (acute and subacute) Quiz: Ace Your Exams

Get ready to dominate your medical and nursing exams by using our dynamic quizzes to elevate your knowledge and increase your confidence. Whether you're gearing up for the USMLE®, COMLEX®, or your next in-class assessment, Osmosis quizzes tackle key topics in pathology, diagnostics, and treatment approaches. By honing in on clinical readiness and decision-making, we make sure the knowledge you gain empowers you both in the classroom and in real-world practice. Jump in and supercharge your exam prep!

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A 78-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with a family member who went to check on the patient after several unanswered phone calls yesterday. The family member found the patient confused and disoriented at home. The patient was holding her left arm limp at her side while trying to cook, and she was having difficulty selecting the appropriate utensils. Past medical history includes hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and tobacco use. Medications include lisinopril and simvastatin. Temperature is 37.0°C (98.6°F), pulse is 80/min, respirations are 12/min, and blood pressure is 180/85 mmHg. On examination, the patient is not oriented to place or time. There is pronator drift and decreased sensation in the left upper extremity. Which of the following diagnostic test results is most likely to confirm the underlying diagnosis?

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Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cell count analysis

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain without contrast

Electroencephalogram (EEG)

Computerized tomography (CT) of the head with contrast

Urine toxicology screen