Placental abruption Quiz: Ace Your Exams
Get ready to dominate your medical and nursing exams by using our dynamic quizzes to elevate your knowledge and increase your confidence. Whether you're gearing up for the USMLE®, COMLEX®, or your next in-class assessment, Osmosis quizzes tackle key topics in pathology, diagnostics, and treatment approaches. By honing in on clinical readiness and decision-making, we make sure the knowledge you gain empowers you both in the classroom and in real-world practice. Jump in and supercharge your exam prep!
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A 36-year-old woman, gravida 3, para 2, presents to labor and delivery at 32 weeks estimated gestational age (EGA) with sudden-onset lower abdominal pain and cramping that began four hours ago. The symptoms have not resolved with rest and hydration at home. She reports an episode of spotting, and she feels less fetal movement than she usually does this time of day. This pregnancy is complicated by a velamentous umbilical cord insertion and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) controlled with insulin. Past medical history is notable for two prior low transverse cesarean births. Temperature is 36.7°C (98.1°F), pulse is 90/min, respirations are 18/min, and blood pressure is 184/94 mmHg. On examination, the patient is alert, oriented, conversant, and lungs are clear on auscultation bilaterally. The uterus is mildly tender to palpation, firm, and has a smooth anterior contour. Vaginal examination reveals intact fetal membranes and a closed cervix. A non-stress test shows a baseline fetal heart rate (FHR) of 135/min; minimal variability; occasional late decelerations; and high frequency, low amplitude contractions. Which of the following patient factors most likely led to the acute condition?
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