Renal failure Quiz: Ace Your Exams
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A 50-year-old man comes to the office because of generalized weakness for several months. His past medical history includes hypertension and type 1 diabetes mellitus. His renal function has gradually declined over the past three years. Current medications include carvedilol, insulin, and calcitriol. Physical examination demonstrates an ill-appearing male with pale conjunctiva, mucosal pallor and 2+ bilateral lower extremity edema. Glomerular filtration rate assessed 3 months ago was 40 mL/min/1.73 m2 (reference range: 90-120 mL/min/1.73 m2). Hemoglobin is 9 g/dL (13.5-17.5 g/dL). The remainder of the laboratory evaluation is demonstrated below.
Which of the following additional sets of laboratory findings are most likely to be observed in this patient?
| Laboratory value | Results | Reference range |
| Serum chemistry | ||
| Sodium | 132 mEq/L | 136-146 mEq/L |
| Potassium | 4.2 mEq/L | 3.5-5 mEq/L |
| Chloride | 95 mEq/L | 95-105 mEq/L |
| Magnesium | 1.7 mEq/L | 1.5-2 mEq/L |
| Creatinine | 6 mg/dL | 0.6-1.2 mg/dL |
| Blood urea nitrogen | 70 mg/dL | 7-18 mg/dL |
| Serum 25-OH Vitamin D (D2) | 45 ng/mL | 25-80 ng/mL |
| Serum 1,25-OH Vitamin D (D3) | 30 pg/mL | 18-64 pg/mL |
Which of the following additional sets of laboratory findings are most likely to be observed in this patient?
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