Stress, urge, overflow, and mixed urinary incontinence (GYN) Quiz: Ace Your Exams
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A 64-year-old woman presents to the clinic with frequent urinary incontinence that has been progressively worsening over the past two years. She experiences small volumes of urine leakage multiple times a day, with activity and at rest. She rarely feels a sense of urgency or leaks with laughing, coughing, or sneezing. When she voids, her urine stream is often weak, and she experiences post-void dribbling. She gets up to void multiple times each night. There is no gross hematuria or pain with urination. Medical history is notable for obesity, diabetes mellitus (since age 28, originating from unresolved gestational diabetes), and four spontaneous vaginal deliveries. She underwent menopause at age 51. Vital signs are within normal limits, and body mass index is 38 kg/m2. On examination, decreased sensation is noted in the lower extremities. A pelvic exam reveals mild vulvovaginal atrophy and anterior vaginal wall prolapse to the level of the hymen. Dipstick urinalysis results are shown in the table below. Which of the following additional findings would most likely be present upon further evaluation?
| Urinalysis | |
| Laboratory value | Result |
| Color | Clear |
| Specific gravity | 1.012 |
| Blood | Negative |
| Leukocyte esterase | Negative |
| Nitrites | Negative |
| Glucose | 2+ |
| Protein | 1+ |
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