Anatomy clinical correlates: Viscera of the gastrointestinal tract
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Anatomy clinical correlates: Viscera of the gastrointestinal tract
Anatomy
Head and neck
Anatomy of the pharynx and esophagus
Anatomy of the oral cavity
Anatomy of the salivary glands
Anatomy of the tongue
Abdomen
Abdominal quadrants, regions and planes
Anatomy of the anterolateral abdominal wall
Anatomy of the abdominal viscera: Blood supply of the foregut, midgut and hindgut
Anatomy of the abdominal viscera: Esophagus and stomach
Anatomy of the abdominal viscera: Small intestine
Anatomy of the abdominal viscera: Large intestine
Anatomy of the abdominal viscera: Pancreas and spleen
Anatomy of the gastrointestinal organs of the pelvis and perineum
Anatomy of the abdominal viscera: Innervation of the abdominal viscera
Anatomy of the abdominal viscera: Liver, biliary ducts and gallbladder
Anatomy of the diaphragm
Anatomy of the inguinal region
Anatomy of the muscles and nerves of the posterior abdominal wall
Anatomy of the peritoneum and peritoneal cavity
Anatomy of the vessels of the posterior abdominal wall
Anatomy clinical correlates: Anterior and posterior abdominal wall
Anatomy clinical correlates: Viscera of the gastrointestinal tract
Anatomy clinical correlates: Peritoneum and diaphragm
Anatomy clinical correlates: Other abdominal organs
Anatomy clinical correlates: Inguinal region
Memory Anchors and Partner Content
Transcript
Contributors
Anca-Elena Stefan, MD
Evan Debevec-McKenney
Alaina Mueller
Patricia Nguyen, MScBMC
The gastrointestinal tract runs from the mouth all the way to the anus and contains the esophagus, the stomach, the small and large intestine and the anus. All these structures, like any other part of our body, are prone to injury or disease.
This video will give you a better understanding of the anatomy of the GI tract and how it relates to the clinical conditions that affect them!
Let’s start by looking at gastric and duodenal ulcers, which are open lesions in the lining of the stomach or duodenum that lead to inflammation in the gastric or duodenal wall.
These are often associated with a specific stomach bacteria called H. Pylori, H.Pylori....Helicobacter Pylori.
Duodenal ulcers are more frequent than gastric ulcers and can be located anywhere along the duodenal wall, classically affecting either the anterior or posterior duodenal wall. If severe enough, ulcers can erode through the duodenal wall, which can cause perforation or gastrointestinal bleeding.
Anterior wall duodenal ulcers are more prone to perforation into the anterior abdominal cavity, and this can result in a pneumoperitoneum, because air from the gastrointestinal tract enters the abdominal cavity.
A classic finding on x-ray is free air under the diaphragm indicating a pneumoperitoneum. This can also result in peritonitis, because as duodenal contents leak into the abdominal cavity, they irritate the peritoneum.
Sources
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- "Stress-related mucosal disease in the critically ill patient: Risk factors and strategies to prevent stress-related bleeding in the intensive care unit" Critical Care Medicine (2002)
- "What every gastroenterologist needs to know about common anorectal disorders" World Journal of Gastroenterology (2009)
- "Haemorrhoids: modern diagnosis and treatment" Postgraduate Medical Journal (2015)
- "Clinical Manual of Surgery - e-book" Elsevier Health Sciences (2014)
- "The ASCRS Textbook of Colon and Rectal Surgery" Springer Science & Business Media (2011)
- "Review of hemorrhoid disease: presentation and management" Clin Colon Rectal Surg (2016)
- "Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death" Lancet (2015)
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