Anatomy is so much easier when we compartmentalize things! For this reason, the perineum, can be divided into two triangles, the anterior urogenital triangle and the posterior anal triangle.

The urogenital triangle can be further divided into a superficial pouch and a deep pouch by a layer of deep fascia called the perineal membrane. In females, the urogenital triangle houses the female external genitalia and the perineal muscles.

Let’s start with talking about the female external genitalia, also called the vulva, which includes the mons pubis, the paired labia majora, labia minora, and the clitoris. As well as deeper structures - the bulbs of the vestibule, the greater vestibular glands, and the lesser vestibular glands.

The mons pubis is a rounded, fatty eminence that lies anterior to the pubic symphysis, pubic tubercles, and superior pubic rami. This eminence has a coarse pubic hair that grows after puberty.

Now, from the mons pubis, two folds of skin called the labia majora arise and extend posteriorly towards the anus. These labia meet anteriorly to form the anterior commissure, and posteriorly to form the posterior commissure.

Also, the labia majora is the termination point of the round ligament of the uterus which is the embryonic remnant of the gubernaculum in females.

All right, now the labia majora lie on each side of a central depression called the pudendal cleft, which houses the labia minora and the vestibule of the vagina.

The labia minora are paired hairless folds of skin that contain spongy connective tissue, erectile tissue, and many blood vessels. These labia unite posteriorly to form a fold of skin called the frenulum of the labia minora or the fourchette.