Anergy, exhaustion, and clonal deletion
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Notes
Immune system
Physiology
Introduction to the immune system
Cytokines
Innate immune system
Adaptive immune system
T-cell development
B-cell development
MHC class I and MHC class II molecules
T-cell activation
B-cell activation and differentiation
Cell-mediated immunity of CD4 cells
Cell-mediated immunity of natural killer and CD8 cells
Antibody classes
Somatic hypermutation and affinity maturation
VDJ rearrangement
Contracting the immune response and peripheral tolerance
B- and T-cell memory
Anergy, exhaustion, and clonal deletion
Vaccinations
Hypersensitivity reactions
High Yield Notes
5 pages
External Links
Anergy, exhaustion, and clonal deletion exam links
Summary
Anergy is a state in which the immune system is unable to mount a normal immune response against a specific antigen. This may be caused by a defect in the molecular mechanisms that initiate T-cell activation or by a block in the signal transduction pathway downstream of the T-cell receptor.
Exhaustion is a state of T cell dysfunction that results from many chronic infections or cancer. It is characterized by the loss of cytolytic function, inability to produce cytokines, and downregulation of markers of activation.
Clonal deletion is the process whereby self-reactive T cells die as a result of apoptosis. The process of clonal deletion is an important mechanism for maintaining self-tolerance and preventing autoimmunity.