Aneurysms
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Aneurysms
Cardiovascular system
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Angina pectoris
Stable angina
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Peripheral artery disease
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Cardiovascular system pathology review
Acyanotic congenital heart defects: Pathology review
Cyanotic congenital heart defects: Pathology review
Atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis: Pathology review
Coronary artery disease: Pathology review
Peripheral artery disease: Pathology review
Valvular heart disease: Pathology review
Cardiomyopathies: Pathology review
Heart failure: Pathology review
Supraventricular arrhythmias: Pathology review
Ventricular arrhythmias: Pathology review
Heart blocks: Pathology review
Aortic dissections and aneurysms: Pathology review
Pericardial disease: Pathology review
Endocarditis: Pathology review
Hypertension: Pathology review
Shock: Pathology review
Vasculitis: Pathology review
Cardiac and vascular tumors: Pathology review
Dyslipidemias: Pathology review
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Aneurysms
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ADPKD (Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease)
saccular aneurysms and p. 533
Aneurysms p. 533
atherosclerosis p. 308
coarctation of aorta p. 305
Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and p. 49
superior vena cava syndrome p. 710
ventricular p. 311, 316
Aorta
aneurysm of p. 308
Atherosclerosis p. 308
abdominal aortic aneurysms and p. 308
aortic aneurysms p. 728
Bicuspid aortic valve
thoracic aortic aneurysms and p. 308
“Blown pupil p. 561
saccular aneurysms p. 533
Circle of Willis p. 519
saccular aneurysms p. 533
Connective tissue diseases
thoracic aortic aneurysms and p. 308
Coronary aneurysms p. 717
Ehlers-Danlos syndrome p. 49
aneurysm association with p. 533
Hemiparesis p. 541
saccular aneurysms p. 533
Hypertension p. 306
Charcot-Bouchard microaneurysms p. 533
thoracic aortic aneurysms and p. 308
Marfan syndrome
aortic aneurysms p. 728
thoracic aortic aneurysms and p. 308
Middle cerebral artery (MCA)
saccular aneurysms p. 533
Saccular aneurysms p. 533
Ehlers-Danlos syndrome p. 49
renal cyst disorders and p. 630
Smoking
abdominal aortic aneurysms and p. 308
saccular aneurysms p. 533
Syphilis p. 145
thoracic aortic aneurysms and p. 308
Tertiary syphilis
aortic aneurysms p. 728
Visual field defects p. 562
saccular aneurysms and p. 533
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Transcript
Content Reviewers
Rishi Desai, MD, MPHContributors
Tanner Marshall, MS
The word “aneurysm” comes from the Greek word aneurysma, meaning “dilation.” This makes sense because aneurysms are defined as abnormal dilations in a blood vessel. A bulge in a blood vessel is officially labelled as an aneurysm when the diameter of the bulge is approximately one and a half times larger than the normal diameter of the blood vessel.
Aneurysms can happen to any blood vessel in your body, including the aorta, the femoral artery, the iliac artery, the popliteal artery, and the cerebral arteries. They can also happen in your veins too, but those are less common as blood pressure in veins is much, much lower than in the arteries.
There are two major categories of aneurysms: true aneurysms and pseudoaneurysms. In true aneurysms, all the layers of the blood vessel wall dilate together. True aneurysms that balloon out symmetrically on all sides of the blood vessel are called fusiform aneurysms, whereas asymmetrically shaped aneurysms balloon out on one side of the blood vessel. This asymmetrical shape usually happens because for some reason one side of the blood vessel wall experiences higher blood pressure than the rest of the vessel wall, or because the wall was weaker on one side to begin with. Asymmetrical true aneurysms can be called either “saccular” or “berry” aneurysms.
Pseudoaneurysms, on the other hand, are like false aneurysms because they are not actually aneurysms at all. They are caused by a small hole in your blood vessel which allows blood to leak out of the vessel and form a pool of blood that looks like a fusiform or berry aneurysm depending on where the hole is and its size. The blood pools because the surrounding tissues act as walls that contain the blood in one spot.
Sources
- "Robbins Basic Pathology" Elsevier (2017)
- "Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, Twentieth Edition (Vol.1 & Vol.2)" McGraw-Hill Education / Medical (2018)
- "Pathophysiology of Disease: An Introduction to Clinical Medicine 8E" McGraw-Hill Education / Medical (2018)
- "Aneurysms in Vascular Access: State of the Art and Future Developments" The Journal of Vascular Access (2017)
- "Open and Endovascular Management of Aortic Aneurysms" Circulation Research (2019)
- "Abdominal aortic aneurysms" Current Opinion in Cardiology (1994)
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