Boerhaave syndrome

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Boerhaave syndrome

Pathology

Peritoneum and peritoneal cavity

Peritonitis

Pneumoperitoneum

Upper gastrointestinal tract disorders

Cleft lip and palate

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia

Esophageal web

Tracheoesophageal fistula

Pyloric stenosis

Sialadenitis

Parotitis

Oral candidiasis

Ludwig angina

Aphthous ulcers

Temporomandibular joint dysfunction

Dental abscess

Gingivitis and periodontitis

Dental caries disease

Oral cancer

Warthin tumor

Barrett esophagus

Achalasia

Plummer-Vinson syndrome

Mallory-Weiss syndrome

Boerhaave syndrome

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

Zenker diverticulum

Diffuse esophageal spasm

Esophageal cancer

Eosinophilic esophagitis (NORD)

Gastritis

Gastric dumping syndrome

Peptic ulcer

Gastroparesis

Cyclic vomiting syndrome

Gastroenteritis

Gastric cancer

Lower gastrointestinal tract disorders

Gastroschisis

Imperforate anus

Omphalocele

Meckel diverticulum

Intestinal atresia

Hirschsprung disease

Intestinal malrotation

Necrotizing enterocolitis

Intussusception

Tropical sprue

Small bowel bacterial overgrowth syndrome

Celiac disease

Short bowel syndrome (NORD)

Lactose intolerance

Whipple's disease

Protein losing enteropathy

Microscopic colitis

Crohn disease

Ulcerative colitis

Bowel obstruction

Intestinal adhesions

Volvulus

Gallstone ileus

Abdominal hernias

Femoral hernia

Inguinal hernia

Small bowel ischemia and infarction

Ischemic colitis

Familial adenomatous polyposis

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome

Gardner syndrome

Juvenile polyposis syndrome

Colorectal polyps

Colorectal cancer

Carcinoid syndrome

Irritable bowel syndrome

Gastroenteritis

Diverticulosis and diverticulitis

Appendicitis

Anal fissure

Anal fistula

Hemorrhoid

Rectal prolapse

Liver, gallbladder and pancreas disorders

Crigler-Najjar syndrome

Biliary atresia

Gilbert's syndrome

Dubin-Johnson syndrome

Rotor syndrome

Jaundice

Cirrhosis

Portal hypertension

Hepatic encephalopathy

Hemochromatosis

Wilson disease

Budd-Chiari syndrome

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Cholestatic liver disease

Hepatocellular adenoma

Autoimmune hepatitis

Alcohol-induced liver disease

Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency

Primary biliary cirrhosis

Primary sclerosing cholangitis

Hepatitis

Neonatal hepatitis

Reye syndrome

Benign liver tumors

Hepatocellular carcinoma

Gallstones

Biliary colic

Acute cholecystitis

Ascending cholangitis

Chronic cholecystitis

Gallstone ileus

Gallbladder cancer

Cholangiocarcinoma

Acute pancreatitis

Pancreatic pseudocyst

Chronic pancreatitis

Pancreatic cancer

Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms

Zollinger-Ellison syndrome

Gastrointestinal system pathology review

Congenital gastrointestinal disorders: Pathology review

Esophageal disorders: Pathology review

GERD, peptic ulcers, gastritis, and stomach cancer: Pathology review

Inflammatory bowel disease: Pathology review

Malabsorption syndromes: Pathology review

Diverticular disease: Pathology review

Appendicitis: Pathology review

Gastrointestinal bleeding: Pathology review

Colorectal polyps and cancer: Pathology review

Neuroendocrine tumors of the gastrointestinal system: Pathology review

Pancreatitis: Pathology review

Gallbladder disorders: Pathology review

Jaundice: Pathology review

Viral hepatitis: Pathology review

Cirrhosis: Pathology review

Assessments

Boerhaave syndrome

Flashcards

0 / 5 complete

USMLE® Step 1 questions

0 / 2 complete

High Yield Notes

13 pages

Flashcards

Boerhaave syndrome

of complete

Questions

USMLE® Step 1 style questions USMLE

of complete

A 45-year-old woman begins complaining of chest pain in the post-anesthesia care unit after undergoing an upper endoscopy for evaluation of esophageal varices. She states the pain radiates to the back. She also complains of dyspnea, nausea, and she has produced blood-tinged vomitus. Past medical history is notable for chronic alcohol use disorder and liver cirrhosis. Her temperature is 37.5°C (99.5°F), blood pressure is 107/61 mmHg, and pulse is 82/min. Physical examination shows a woman in acute distress. Crackles are heard while auscultating over the heart. Abdominal exam is notable for hepatosplenomegaly. CT imaging reveals the following:  



Reproduced from: Radiopedia  

Which of the following is the most likely cause of this patient’s presentation?  

External References

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Boerhaave syndrome p. 386

Summary

Boerhaave syndrome, also called spontaneous esophageal rupture, is a rare but serious condition that occurs when the lining of the esophagus tears. This can happen after vomiting or coughing extremely hard. Boerhaave syndrome is a medical emergency and requires immediate treatment. If not treated quickly, Boerhaave syndrome can lead to death.

Elsevier

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