Cauda equina syndrome
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Cauda equina syndrome
Nervous system
Central and peripheral nervous system disorders
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Neurofibromatosis
Sturge-Weber syndrome
Tuberous sclerosis
von Hippel-Lindau disease
Central nervous system disorders
Brain herniation
Broca aphasia
Kluver-Bucy syndrome
Wernicke aphasia
Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
Acoustic neuroma (schwannoma)
Adult brain tumors
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Pituitary adenoma
Ischemic stroke
Transient ischemic attack
Brain abscess
Cavernous sinus thrombosis
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
Encephalitis
Epidural abscess
Meningitis
Neonatal meningitis
Aqueductal stenosis
Cerebral palsy
Chiari malformation
Dandy-Walker malformation
Septo-optic dysplasia
Spina bifida
Spinocerebellar ataxia (NORD)
Syringomyelia
Tethered spinal cord syndrome
Alzheimer disease
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
Delirium
Frontotemporal dementia
Lewy body dementia
Normal pressure hydrocephalus
Vascular dementia
Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis
Central pontine myelinolysis
JC virus (Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy)
Multiple sclerosis
Transverse myelitis
Cavernous sinus thrombosis
Cluster headache
Idiopathic intracranial hypertension
Migraine
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Trigeminal neuralgia
Arteriovenous malformation
Epidural hematoma
Intracerebral hemorrhage
Saccular aneurysm
Subarachnoid hemorrhage
Subdural hematoma
Essential tremor
Huntington disease
Opsoclonus myoclonus syndrome (NORD)
Parkinson disease
Restless legs syndrome
Torticollis
Early infantile epileptic encephalopathy (NORD)
Epilepsy
Febrile seizure
Brown-Sequard Syndrome
Cauda equina syndrome
Friedreich ataxia
Neurogenic bladder
Syringomyelia
Treponema pallidum (Syphilis)
Vitamin B12 deficiency
Concussion and traumatic brain injury
Peripheral nervous system disorders
Poliovirus
Spinal muscular atrophy
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease
Guillain-Barre syndrome
Bell palsy
Trigeminal neuralgia
Carpal tunnel syndrome
Erb-Duchenne palsy
Klumpke paralysis
Sciatica
Thoracic outlet syndrome
Ulnar claw
Winged scapula
Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome
Myasthenia gravis
Nervous system pathology review
Adult brain tumors: Pathology review
Central nervous system infections: Pathology review
Cerebral vascular disease: Pathology review
Congenital neurological disorders: Pathology review
Dementia: Pathology review
Demyelinating disorders: Pathology review
Headaches: Pathology review
Movement disorders: Pathology review
Neurocutaneous disorders: Pathology review
Neuromuscular junction disorders: Pathology review
Pediatric brain tumors: Pathology review
Seizures: Pathology review
Spinal cord disorders: Pathology review
Traumatic brain injury: Pathology review
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Cauda equina syndrome
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Reproduced from: Wikipedia
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Cauda equina syndrome is a condition caused by damage to the bundle of peripheral nerves protruding from the bottom of the spinal cord, called the cauda equina.
The latin words cauda equina mean horse’s tail, which is what early anatomists thought this nerve bundle looked like.
The spinal column is made of individual bones, called vertebrae.
Each vertebra is made of a large anterior portion called the body, and the posterior part called the vertebral arch.
The central cavity between the body and the arch is called the vertebral foramen.
Now the spinal column is made of 33 vertebrae: 7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, and 4 coccygeal.
Other than C1 and C2, each two adjacent vertebrae are, separated by an intervertebral disc, which allows for a slight movement of the vertebrae, and acts as a shock absorber.
The sacral and coccygeal vertebrae are fused together to form the sacral bone and coccyx, or tailbone respectively.
Now if you cut the spinal column in half lengthwise you can see that all the vertebral foramina together form the vertebral, or the spinal canal, which is occupied by the spinal cord.
The spinal cord is connected to the brain and travels through the spinal canal to the second lumbar vertebra, where it ends in a cone, called conus medullaris.
Sources
- "Robbins Basic Pathology" Elsevier (2017)
- "Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, Twentieth Edition (Vol.1 & Vol.2)" McGraw-Hill Education / Medical (2018)
- "Pathophysiology of Disease: An Introduction to Clinical Medicine 8E" McGraw-Hill Education / Medical (2018)
- "CURRENT Medical Diagnosis and Treatment 2020" McGraw-Hill Education / Medical (2019)
- "Cauda Equina Syndrome" Journal of Pain & Palliative Care Pharmacotherapy (2014)
- "Cauda Equina Syndrome Due to Lumbar Disc Herniation: a Review of Literature" Folia Medica (2017)
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