Colorectal cancer
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Colorectal cancer
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Colorectal cancer
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18 pages
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Colorectal cancer
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USMLE® Step 1 style questions USMLE
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First Aid
2022
2021
2020
2019
2018
2017
2016
Adenomas
colorectal p. 398
Anemia
colorectal cancer p. 397
APC gene p. 222
colorectal cancer and p. 398
Carcinomas
colorectal p. 398
Colon cancer
5-fluorouracil for p. 448
irinotecan/topotecan for p. 448
labs/findings p. 720
metastases of p. 202
oncogenes and p. 222
Staphylococcus gallolyticus and p. 135
tumor suppressor genes and p. 222
Colorectal cancer p. 397
adenomatous polyposis and p. 396
bevacizumab for p. 450
cetuximab for p. 450
incidence/mortality in p. 202
labs/findings p. 721
Lynch syndrome p. 37
molecular pathogenesis of p. 398
therapeutic antibodies p. 120
tumor suppressor genes and p. 222
Exophytic mass (colorectal cancer) p. 397
Geriatric patients
colorectal cancer p. 397
Hematochezia
colorectal cancer p. 397
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) p. 391
colorectal cancer and p. 397
Iron deficiency anemia p. 425
colorectal cancer p. 397
KRAS gene p. 222
colorectal cancer and p. 398
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) p. 499
colorectal cancer chemopreventative p. 398
Smoking
colorectal cancer and p. 397
Streptococcus bovis p. , 135
colon cancer p. 720
colorectal cancer and p. 397
Tumor markers
colorectal cancer p. 397
Weight loss
colorectal cancer p. 397
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Transcript
Content Reviewers
Colorectal carcinoma, also known as colon cancer, is when malignant or cancerous cells arise in the large intestines, which includes the colon and rectum.
It is the most common type of cancer of the gastrointestinal tract, and a major cause of death and disease around the world.
The large intestine is found in the abdominal cavity, which can be thought of as having two spaces - the intraperitoneal space and the retroperitoneal space.
The intraperitoneal space contains the first part of the duodenum, all of the small intestines, the transverse colon, sigmoid colon, and the rectum; the retroperitoneal space contains the distal duodenum, ascending colon, descending colon, and anal canal.
So the large intestines essentially weave back and forth between the intraperitoneal and retroperitoneal spaces.
Now, the walls of the gastrointestinal tract are composed of four layers. The outermost layer is the called serosa for the intraperitoneal parts, and the adventitia for the retroperitoneal parts.
Next is the muscular layer, which contracts to move food through the bowel.
After that is the submucosa, which consists of a dense layer of tissue that contains blood vessels, lymphatics, and nerves.
Sources
- "Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, Twentieth Edition (Vol.1 & Vol.2)" McGraw-Hill Education / Medical (2018)
- "Robbins Basic Pathology" Elsevier (2017)
- "Pathophysiology of Disease: An Introduction to Clinical Medicine 8E" McGraw-Hill Education / Medical (2018)
- "CURRENT Medical Diagnosis and Treatment 2020" McGraw-Hill Education / Medical (2019)
- "Current and future role of genetic screening in gynecologic malignancies" American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology (2017)
- "Metastatic Carcinoma Occurring in a Gastric Hyperplastic Polyp Mimicking Primary Gastric Cancer: The First Reported Case" Case Reports in Pathology (2014)
- "Mutation Rate in Human Microsatellites: Influence of the Structure and Length of the Tandem Repeat" The American Journal of Human Genetics (1998)
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