Conn syndrome

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Conn syndrome

Pathology

Adrenal gland disorders

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia

Primary adrenal insufficiency

Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome

Hyperaldosteronism

Adrenal cortical carcinoma

Cushing syndrome

Conn syndrome

Thyroid gland disorders

Thyroglossal duct cyst

Hyperthyroidism

Graves disease

Thyroid eye disease (NORD)

Toxic multinodular goiter

Thyroid storm

Hypothyroidism

Euthyroid sick syndrome

Hashimoto thyroiditis

Subacute granulomatous thyroiditis

Riedel thyroiditis

Postpartum thyroiditis

Thyroid cancer

Parathyroid gland disorders

Hyperparathyroidism

Hypoparathyroidism

Hypercalcemia

Hypocalcemia

Pancreatic disorders

Diabetes mellitus

Diabetic retinopathy

Diabetic nephropathy

Pituitary gland disorders

Hyperpituitarism

Pituitary adenoma

Hyperprolactinemia

Prolactinoma

Gigantism

Acromegaly

Hypopituitarism

Growth hormone deficiency

Pituitary apoplexy

Sheehan syndrome

Hypoprolactinemia

Constitutional growth delay

Diabetes insipidus

Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH)

Gonadal dysfunction

Precocious puberty

Delayed puberty

Premature ovarian failure

Polycystic ovary syndrome

Androgen insensitivity syndrome

Kallmann syndrome

5-alpha-reductase deficiency

Polyglandular syndromes

Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 1 (NORD)

Endocrine tumors

Multiple endocrine neoplasia

Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms

Zollinger-Ellison syndrome

Carcinoid syndrome

Pheochromocytoma

Neuroblastoma

Opsoclonus myoclonus syndrome (NORD)

Endocrine system pathology review

Adrenal insufficiency: Pathology review

Adrenal masses: Pathology review

Hyperthyroidism: Pathology review

Hypothyroidism: Pathology review

Thyroid nodules and thyroid cancer: Pathology review

Parathyroid disorders and calcium imbalance: Pathology review

Diabetes mellitus: Pathology review

Cushing syndrome and Cushing disease: Pathology review

Pituitary tumors: Pathology review

Hypopituitarism: Pathology review

Diabetes insipidus and SIADH: Pathology review

Multiple endocrine neoplasia: Pathology review

Neuroendocrine tumors of the gastrointestinal system: Pathology review

Assessments

Conn syndrome

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Conn syndrome

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Questions

USMLE® Step 1 style questions USMLE

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A 44-year-old man comes to his physician complaining of muscle weakness and headaches for the past 2 months. He is a construction worker and has found it difficult to lift large objects during the job. The patient has no significant past medical history, but he states his blood pressure was “high” at a recent health fair. Temperature is 37.0°C (98.6°F), pulse is 82/min, and blood pressure is 165/92 mm Hg. Physical examination reveals no abnormalities. Laboratory testing reveals the following findings:

 
 Laboratory Value  Result 
 Serum 
 Sodium   147 mEq/L 
 Potassium   2.9 mEq/L 
 Chloride   105 mEq/L 
 HCO3-  32 mEq/L 
 Creatinine   0.6 mg/dL 
 Glucose  94 mg/dL 

Serum renin levels are decreased. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this patient’s condition?

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Summary

Conn syndrome, also known as primary hyperaldosteronism, is a rare disorder caused by high levels of aldosterone hormone. Aldosterone is produced by the adrenal gland, promotes Sodium conservation in the kidney, and helps the body keep Sodium and water balance.

In Conn syndrome, the adrenal gland produces too much aldosterone, and this causes the body to retain too much salt and water. This can lead to high blood pressure, edema, and hypokalemia (low potassium levels in the blood). Conn syndrome can be caused by adrenal hyperplasia or adrenal adenoma.

Elsevier

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