Coronary steal syndrome
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Coronary steal syndrome
Cardiovascular system
Vascular disorders
Arterial disease
Angina pectoris
Stable angina
Unstable angina
Myocardial infarction
Prinzmetal angina
Coronary steal syndrome
Peripheral artery disease
Subclavian steal syndrome
Aneurysms
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Behcet's disease
Kawasaki disease
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Renal artery stenosis
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Cushing syndrome
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Human herpesvirus 8 (Kaposi sarcoma)
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Congenital heart defects
Truncus arteriosus
Transposition of the great vessels
Total anomalous pulmonary venous return
Tetralogy of Fallot
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome
Patent ductus arteriosus
Ventricular septal defect
Coarctation of the aorta
Atrial septal defect
Cardiac arrhythmias
Atrial flutter
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Premature atrial contraction
Atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT)
Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome
Ventricular tachycardia
Brugada syndrome
Premature ventricular contraction
Long QT syndrome and Torsade de pointes
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Valvular disorders
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Pericardial disorders
Pericarditis and pericardial effusion
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Dressler syndrome
Cardiac tumors
Cardiac tumors
Cardiovascular system pathology review
Acyanotic congenital heart defects: Pathology review
Cyanotic congenital heart defects: Pathology review
Atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis: Pathology review
Coronary artery disease: Pathology review
Peripheral artery disease: Pathology review
Valvular heart disease: Pathology review
Cardiomyopathies: Pathology review
Heart failure: Pathology review
Supraventricular arrhythmias: Pathology review
Ventricular arrhythmias: Pathology review
Heart blocks: Pathology review
Aortic dissections and aneurysms: Pathology review
Pericardial disease: Pathology review
Endocarditis: Pathology review
Hypertension: Pathology review
Shock: Pathology review
Vasculitis: Pathology review
Cardiac and vascular tumors: Pathology review
Dyslipidemias: Pathology review
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Coronary steal syndrome
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Content Reviewers
Viviana Popa, MDCoronary steal syndrome is a condition that occurs due to dilation of coronary arteries in the presence of coronary artery disease, which is when there’s a partial or complete blockage in the lumen of another coronary artery.
The result is a redirection of blood flow from heart muscle supplied by the blocked artery, to other regions of the heart.
Coronary steal syndrome is a finding observed during a pharmacological cardiac stress test, which is used to diagnose coronary artery disease.
Now, the heart pumps out blood for all of our organs and tissues to use - but the heart also needs blood.
So it also pumps blood to itself, through the coronary arteries on the outside of the heart.
And coronary arteries are linked to one another through teeny tiny blood vessels called collateral vessels, which are normally in an inactive state, meaning blood doesn’t flow through them.
Now, with coronary artery disease, there’s ischemia, or reduced blood flow to the region of myocardium supplied by that artery.
In this context, collateral circulation may become active. For example, let’s say two coronary arteries,
A and B, are linked by a collateral vessel, and coronary artery B has developed a block.
As a result of ischemia, in the myocardium supplied by coronary artery B, the myocardial cells don’t receive enough oxygen, which is called hypoxia.
In response to hypoxia, myocardial cells release signalling molecules called cytokines, which cause dilation of the segment of coronary artery B beyond the blockage.
Sources
- "Robbins Basic Pathology" Elsevier (2017)
- "Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, Twentieth Edition (Vol.1 & Vol.2)" McGraw-Hill Education / Medical (2018)
- "Pathophysiology of Disease: An Introduction to Clinical Medicine 8E" McGraw-Hill Education / Medical (2018)
- "Coronary Steal" Chest (1989)
- "Coronary steal induced by angiogenesis following bypass surgery" Heart (2005)
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