Croup

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Croup

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A 2-year-old girl is brought to the emergency department by her parents for evaluation of increased work of breathing. According to her parents, the patient began experiencing ongoing sneezing, runny nose, and watery eyes around three-days ago. This morning, she developed a cough and difficulty breathing. The patient was born prematurely at 34-weeks, but past medical history is otherwise noncontributory. Temperature is 37.5°C (99.5°F), blood pressure is 92/60 mmHg, and pulse is 110/min. Physical examination is notable for a barking cough, inspiratory stridor, and accessory muscle use during respiration. A neck radiograph is obtained and demonstrates the following finding:



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Which of the following pathogens is most likely responsible for this patient’s disease process? 

External References

First Aid

2024

2023

2022

2021

Bronchitis

croup p. 167

Croup p. 167

labs/findings p. 726

paramyxoviruses p. 164, 166

pulsus paradoxus in p. 477

Parainfluenza

croup p. 167

Paramyxoviruses p. 166

croup p. 166

Pulsus paradoxus p. 477

croup p. 167

Resumen

Croup is a viral respiratory infection most common in young children, usually caused by the parainfluenza virus. It results in the inflammation of the larynx and trachea, which leads to a characteristic barking cough, hoarseness of voice, and inspiratory stridor. The diagnosis is usually clinical, but can need an x-ray for confirmation. When done, X-rays show a steeple sign, which is subglottic narrowing.

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