Cyanide poisoning
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Cyanide poisoning
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A 25-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department after being found unconscious near the doorway of a smoke-filled house. Temperature is 37.3°C (99.1°F), pulse is 120/minute, respirations are 20/min, and blood pressure is 110/65 mm Hg. Physical examination shows generalized flushing of the skin as well as black soot near the nares and mouth. There is no evidence of any burns or trauma. Capillary refill time is 5 seconds. Supplemental oxygen is administered. Laboratory results are shown below. Hydroxocobalamin is provided for medical management. Which of the following best describes the mechanism of action of this medication?
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Summary
Cyanide poisoning is a type of chemical poisoning that occurs when cyanide ions are introduced into the body. Cyanide ions disrupt cellular respiration at the mitochondrial level, by inhibiting an enzyme called cytochrome C oxidase. This can lead to asphyxiation as the body is no longer able to use oxygen, and it can also cause damage to the heart, liver, and other organs. Symptoms of cyanide poisoning may include headache, seizures, confusion, nausea, cardiac arrest, and death.