Dengue virus
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Dengue virus
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USMLE® Step 1 style questions USMLE
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A 51-year-old woman comes to the emergency department for evaluation of myalgias, fever, and a petechial rash for the past two days. She recently returned from a ten-day trip to West Africa. She states she had similar symptoms three years ago, resolved with supportive care at home. The patient's temperature is 39.4 °C (102.9 °F). Pulse is 100/min, respiratory rate 17/min, and blood pressure 90/50 mmHg. She develops petechial lesions over the distal right arm after a blood pressure measurement is obtained using a sphygmomanometer. The remainder of the physical examination is within normal limits. Initial laboratory workup is shown below. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
| Laboratory value | |
| Serum chemistries | Result |
| Hemoglobin | 9.8 g/dL |
| Hematocrit | 30 % |
| Leukocyte count | 2000 /mm3 |
| Platelet count | 50,000 /mm3 |
| AST | 170 U/L |
| ALT | 200 U/L |
| Serum creatinine | 1.4 mg/dL |
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Dengue p. 164
Summary
Dengue virus is a single-stranded RNA virus known to cause dengue fever. Dengue virus is transmitted by a mosquito, especially a species known as Aedes aegypti. Symptoms of dengue fever include fever, headache, muscle pain, and rash. In some cases, the infection can progress to Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF), a life-threatening condition. There is no specific treatment for Dengue Fever or DHF, and patients are typically given supportive care. Prevention of the disease is through vaccination and avoidance of mosquitoes.