Assessment of Diabetes mellitus: Pathology review: Video & Anatomy | Osmosis

Question

A 13-year-old girl is brought to the emergency department complaining of blurry vision. The patient says that over the past few months she has noticed gradual vision changes in both eyes, which have gotten worse over the past few weeks. The patient recently started the new school year and is finding it difficult to read the homework assignments, and she says she accidentally ran into a tree without seeing it yesterday. The patient has a history of corrected congenital hip dysplasia. The patient’s mother has autoimmune thyroiditis. The patient’s temperature is 37.0°C (98.6°F), pulse is 88/min, respirations are 25/min, and blood pressure is 105/64 mmHg. Physical examination shows a well-appearing adolescent in no acute distress with severe bilateral cataracts and a normal thyroid gland. Laboratory studies show the following:

Laboratory value	Result
Sodium	132 mEq/L
Potassium	4.2 mEq/L
Bicarbonate	16 mEq/L
Glucose	532 mg/dL

Which of the following is the most likely mechanism of this patient’s vision loss?

Accepted Answer

Sorbitol accumulation

Answer

Fructose accumulation

Answer

Galactose accumulation

Answer

Glucose accumulation

Answer

Maltose accumulation

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Diabetes mellitus: Pathology review

Pathology

Endocrine system