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Erysipelas

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Pathology

Integumentary system

Pigmented skin disorders

Acneiform skin disorders

Hidradenitis suppurativa

Papulosquamous and inflammatory skin disorders

Contact dermatitis

Atopic dermatitis

Pityriasis rosea

Seborrhoeic dermatitis

Keratotic skin disorders

Actinic keratosis

Vesiculobullous skin disorders

Epidermolysis bullosa

Bullous pemphigoid

Pemphigus vulgaris

Desquamating skin disorders

Erythema multiforme

Stevens-Johnson syndrome

Skin integrity disorders

Skin infections

Necrotizing fasciitis

Human papillomavirus

Varicella zoster virus

Poxvirus (Smallpox and Molluscum contagiosum)

Herpes simplex virus

Malassezia (Tinea versicolor and Seborrhoeic dermatitis)

Pediculus humanus and Phthirus pubis (Lice)

Sarcoptes scabiei (Scabies)

Human herpesvirus 6 (Roseola)

Varicella zoster virus

Skin neoplasms

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Human herpesvirus 8 (Kaposi sarcoma)

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Telogen effluvium

Integumentary system pathology review

Pigmentation skin disorders: Pathology review

Acneiform skin disorders: Pathology review

Papulosquamous and inflammatory skin disorders: Pathology review

Vesiculobullous and desquamating skin disorders: Pathology review

Skin cancer: Pathology review

Bacterial and viral skin infections: Pathology review

Viral exanthems of childhood: Pathology review

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Erysipelas

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Chapter 8 Skin & Soft Tissue Inﬂammation & Infections ERYSIPELAS osms.it/erysipelas PATHOLOGY & CAUSES ▪ Acute, non-necrotizing infection of upper dermis, superﬁcial lymphatics; usually unilateral ▪ Well-deﬁned demarcation between normal, infected tissue; non-purulent ▪ Usually caused by streptococci; most often Streptococcus pyogenes ▪ Elevated, warm, painful rash called “forest ﬁre rash” (because it’s reddest at border) ▪ Vesicles may be present; may be bright, salmon red ▪ Inﬂammation of regional lymph nodes, lymphangitis in chronic infection RISK FACTORS ▪ Very young/old age ▪ Breaks in skin ▫ Abrasions, trauma, eczema, radiation, bites ▪ Lowered immunity ▫ Diabetes mellitus, alcohol abuse, HIV, older age ▪ Skin infection ▫ Tinea, impetigo, varicella, rash ▪ Edema ▫ Lymphatic obstruction, venous insufﬁciency ▪ Obesity COMPLICATIONS ▪ Lymphedema due to impaired lymphatic drainage ▪ Necrosis ▪ If spread hematogenously to other areas ▫ Arthritis, osteomyelitis, necrotizing fasciitis, glomerulonephritis SIGNS & SYMPTOMS ▪ Initially, general infection symptoms ▫ Fever, chills, headache, fatigue ▪ Lesions ▫ Mostly on legs, but may be found on face, arms, ﬁngers, toes Figure 8.4 Erysipelas affecting the face of an elderly individual. DIAGNOSIS LAB RESULTS ▪ Blood test ▫ CBC: ↑ CRP, ↑ ESR, ↑ WBCs; antistreptolysin titer O shows streptococcal involvement ▪ Wound, blood culture OTHER DIAGNOSTICS ▪ Clinical presentation OSMOSIS.ORG 47