Eustachian tube dysfunction
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Eustachian tube dysfunction
Eyes, ears, nose, and throat
Eye disorders
Age-related macular degeneration
Bitemporal hemianopsia
Cataract
Color blindness
Cortical blindness
Diabetic retinopathy
Glaucoma
Hemianopsia
Homonymous hemianopsia
Retinal detachment
Neonatal conjunctivitis
Retinoblastoma
Retinopathy of prematurity
Corneal ulcer
Periorbital cellulitis
Uveitis
Keratitis
Orbital cellulitis
Hordeolum (stye)
Conjunctivitis
Neonatal conjunctivitis
Nasal and nasopharyngeal disorders
Allergic rhinitis
Choanal atresia
Nasal polyps
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Thyroid and parathyroid gland disorders
Thyroglossal duct cyst
Thyroid cancer
Hyperparathyroidism
Hypoparathyroidism
Eyes, ears, nose, and throat pathology review
Eye conditions: Inflammation, infections and trauma: Pathology review
Eye conditions: Refractive errors, lens disorders and glaucoma: Pathology review
Eye conditions: Retinal disorders: Pathology review
Nasal, oral and pharyngeal diseases: Pathology review
Parathyroid disorders and calcium imbalance: Pathology review
Thyroid nodules and thyroid cancer: Pathology review
Vertigo: Pathology review
Assessments
Eustachian tube dysfunction
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Which of the following pathogens is the most likely cause of this patient’s clinical presentation?
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The ear can be broken into three sections.
The first is the outer ear which is the part you see called the pinna as well as the ear canal.
Next is the middle ear, which is a tiny chamber that houses the tiny ear bones—the malleus, incus, and stapes.
And finally there’s the inner ear, which contains very special tissue structures called the cochlea which converts sound waves into electrical impulses for the brain and the semicircular canals which help with balance.
Between the outer and middle ear is an eardrum, also called the tympanic membrane, so no air passes between the two areas.
But the middle ear does have another possible outlet, called the eustachian tube which acts like a valve connecting the middle ear to the nasopharynx.
This tube has three main functions—equalizing pressure across the tympanic membrane, protecting the middle ear from reflux of fluids going up from the nasopharynx, and clearing out middle ear secretions.
Eustachian tube dysfunction describes situations when one or all of these functions aren’t happening normally.
In an adult, the eustachian tube is a roughly 4 centimeter long part-bone, part-cartilage canal that’s surrounded by four key muscles: the tensor veli palatini, the levator veli palatini, the salpingopharyngeus, and the tensor tympani, and it’s those first two that help a lot with opening up the tube.
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