Fisher's exact test
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Fisher's exact test
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Questions
USMLE® Step 1 style questions USMLE
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USMLE® Step 2 style questions USMLE
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An investigator is conducting a pilot study to evaluate the effects of Drug X and Drug Y on treating leukemia. Results are shown below in the following 2 by 2 contingency table:
After completing the study, the investigator discovers that the percentage of patients who were cured after taking Drug X is much higher than that of patients taking Drug Y. Which of the following statistical tests was most likely used to draw this conclusion?
| Cured | Not Cured | Total | |
| Drug X | 9 | 11 | 20 |
| Drug Y | 3 | 18 | 21 |
| Total | 12 | 29 | 41 |
After completing the study, the investigator discovers that the percentage of patients who were cured after taking Drug X is much higher than that of patients taking Drug Y. Which of the following statistical tests was most likely used to draw this conclusion?
Summary
Fisher's exact test is a statistical test that uses a 2x2 categorical data design. It is used to determine whether the proportions of two categorical variables are different from each other. It is a more powerful alternative to the chi-squared test, and is particularly useful when there are small sample sizes.