Hepatic encephalopathy
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Hepatic encephalopathy
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Hepatic encephalopathy
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Hepatic encephalopathy
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USMLE® Step 1 style questions USMLE
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The patient is started on emergent therapy for her symptoms. Which of the following best explains the pathophysiology of this patient’s current condition?
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Asterixis p. 80, 537
hepatic encephalopathy p. 400
Coma
hepatic encephalopathy p. 400
Hepatic encephalopathy p. 400
cirrhosis p. 398
Lactulose
for hepatic encephalopathy p. 400
Neomycin
for hepatic encephalopathy p. 400
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Summary
Hepatic encephalopathy is a neurological disorder that results from liver failure. The leading cause of hepatic encephalopathy is a buildup of toxins in the blood that are normally removed by the liver. These toxins include ammonia and other chemicals produced by gut bacteria. When the liver fails, these toxins build up in the blood and can poison the brain. Hepatic encephalopathy can cause changes in behavior, confusion, problems with coordination, and seizures. In severe cases, it can lead to coma or death.
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