Hyperpituitarism
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Hyperpituitarism
Pathology
Adrenal gland disorders
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Primary adrenal insufficiency
Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome
Hyperaldosteronism
Adrenal cortical carcinoma
Cushing syndrome
Conn syndrome
Thyroid gland disorders
Thyroglossal duct cyst
Hyperthyroidism
Graves disease
Thyroid eye disease (NORD)
Toxic multinodular goiter
Thyroid storm
Hypothyroidism
Euthyroid sick syndrome
Hashimoto thyroiditis
Subacute granulomatous thyroiditis
Riedel thyroiditis
Postpartum thyroiditis
Thyroid cancer
Parathyroid gland disorders
Hyperparathyroidism
Hypoparathyroidism
Hypercalcemia
Hypocalcemia
Pancreatic disorders
Diabetes mellitus
Diabetic retinopathy
Diabetic nephropathy
Pituitary gland disorders
Hyperpituitarism
Pituitary adenoma
Hyperprolactinemia
Prolactinoma
Gigantism
Acromegaly
Hypopituitarism
Growth hormone deficiency
Pituitary apoplexy
Sheehan syndrome
Hypoprolactinemia
Constitutional growth delay
Diabetes insipidus
Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH)
Gonadal dysfunction
Precocious puberty
Delayed puberty
Premature ovarian failure
Polycystic ovary syndrome
Androgen insensitivity syndrome
Kallmann syndrome
5-alpha-reductase deficiency
Polyglandular syndromes
Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 1 (NORD)
Endocrine tumors
Multiple endocrine neoplasia
Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms
Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
Carcinoid syndrome
Pheochromocytoma
Neuroblastoma
Opsoclonus myoclonus syndrome (NORD)
Endocrine system pathology review
Adrenal insufficiency: Pathology review
Adrenal masses: Pathology review
Hyperthyroidism: Pathology review
Hypothyroidism: Pathology review
Thyroid nodules and thyroid cancer: Pathology review
Parathyroid disorders and calcium imbalance: Pathology review
Diabetes mellitus: Pathology review
Cushing syndrome and Cushing disease: Pathology review
Pituitary tumors: Pathology review
Hypopituitarism: Pathology review
Diabetes insipidus and SIADH: Pathology review
Multiple endocrine neoplasia: Pathology review
Neuroendocrine tumors of the gastrointestinal system: Pathology review
Assessments
Hyperpituitarism
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High Yield Notes
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Hyperpituitarism
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Questions
USMLE® Step 1 style questions USMLE
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| Laboratory value | Result |
| Sodium | 146 mmol/L |
| Potassium | 3.9 mmol/L |
| Bicarbonate | 26 mmol/L |
| Fasting glucose | 137 mg/dL |
| 24-hour urine cortisol* | 72 µg/day |
| Serum ACTH** | 35 pg/mL |
*Normal range: 4-40 µg/day
**Normal range: 5-20 pg/mL
The serum cortisol levels are significantly reduced in response to a high-dose of dexamethasone. Which of the following is the most likely underlying pathophysiology for this patient’s condition?
Memory Anchors and Partner Content
External References
First Aid
2016
External Links
Summary
Hyperpituitarism refers to a condition in which the pituitary gland secretes abnormally high levels of pituitary hormones. Hyperpituitarism typically results from a pituitary adenoma, which overproduces one or more of the pituitary hormones.
The symptoms depend on the type and size of the adenoma and the hormones it produces. However, hyperpituitarism associated with large adenomas may cause mass effect, which is characterized by headache and possibly bitemporal hemianopsia due to compression of the optic chiasma. Other common hormone-related symptoms may include: Abnormal growth or enlargement of the head, hands, and feet Developmental delays in children Diabetes mellitus Reproductive problems in men and women Enlarged thyroid gland (goiter) Increased blood pressure
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