Hypertension
77,778views
00:00 / 00:00
Videos
Notes
Hypertension
Cardiovascular system
Vascular disorders
Arterial disease
Angina pectoris
Stable angina
Unstable angina
Myocardial infarction
Prinzmetal angina
Coronary steal syndrome
Peripheral artery disease
Subclavian steal syndrome
Aneurysms
Aortic dissection
Vasculitis
Behcet's disease
Kawasaki disease
Hypertension
Hypertensive emergency
Renal artery stenosis
Coarctation of the aorta
Cushing syndrome
Conn syndrome
Pheochromocytoma
Polycystic kidney disease
Hypotension
Orthostatic hypotension
Abetalipoproteinemia
Familial hypercholesterolemia
Hypertriglyceridemia
Hyperlipidemia
Chronic venous insufficiency
Thrombophlebitis
Deep vein thrombosis
Lymphedema
Lymphangioma
Shock
Vascular tumors
Human herpesvirus 8 (Kaposi sarcoma)
Angiosarcomas
Congenital heart defects
Truncus arteriosus
Transposition of the great vessels
Total anomalous pulmonary venous return
Tetralogy of Fallot
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome
Patent ductus arteriosus
Ventricular septal defect
Coarctation of the aorta
Atrial septal defect
Cardiac arrhythmias
Atrial flutter
Atrial fibrillation
Premature atrial contraction
Atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT)
Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome
Ventricular tachycardia
Brugada syndrome
Premature ventricular contraction
Long QT syndrome and Torsade de pointes
Ventricular fibrillation
Atrioventricular block
Bundle branch block
Pulseless electrical activity
Valvular disorders
Tricuspid valve disease
Pulmonary valve disease
Mitral valve disease
Aortic valve disease
Cardiomyopathies
Dilated cardiomyopathy
Restrictive cardiomyopathy
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Heart failure
Heart failure
Cor pulmonale
Cardiac infections
Endocarditis
Myocarditis
Rheumatic heart disease
Pericardial disorders
Pericarditis and pericardial effusion
Cardiac tamponade
Dressler syndrome
Cardiac tumors
Cardiac tumors
Cardiovascular system pathology review
Acyanotic congenital heart defects: Pathology review
Cyanotic congenital heart defects: Pathology review
Atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis: Pathology review
Coronary artery disease: Pathology review
Peripheral artery disease: Pathology review
Valvular heart disease: Pathology review
Cardiomyopathies: Pathology review
Heart failure: Pathology review
Supraventricular arrhythmias: Pathology review
Ventricular arrhythmias: Pathology review
Heart blocks: Pathology review
Aortic dissections and aneurysms: Pathology review
Pericardial disease: Pathology review
Endocarditis: Pathology review
Hypertension: Pathology review
Shock: Pathology review
Vasculitis: Pathology review
Cardiac and vascular tumors: Pathology review
Dyslipidemias: Pathology review
Assessments
Hypertension
Flashcards
0 / 20 complete
USMLE® Step 1 questions
0 / 3 complete
High Yield Notes
6 pages
Flashcards
Hypertension
of complete
Questions
USMLE® Step 1 style questions USMLE
of complete
Memory Anchors and Partner Content
External References
First Aid
2022
2021
2020
2019
2018
2017
2016
ACE inhibitors p. 634
hypertension p. 323
Alcoholism p. 595
hypertension and p. 306
Angiotensin II receptor blockers p. 634
hypertension p. 323
Antihypertensive drugs
hypertension in pregnancy p. 667
Aortic aneurysm p. 308
hypertension p. 306
Aortic dissection p. 309
hypertension p. 306
Asthma p. 698
hypertension treatment with p. 323
Atrial fibrillation
hypertension as cause p. 306
β -blockers p. 247
hypertension p. 324
Calcium channel blockers p. 325
hypertension p. 325
Chronic kidney disease
hypertension and p. 306
Coronary artery disease
hypertension and p. 308
Diabetes mellitus p. 352-360
hypertension and p. 307, 323
Diuretics
hypertension treatment p. 323
Geriatric patients
isolated systolic hypertension p. 290
Heart failure p. 318
hypertension p. 306
hypertension treatment in p. 323
pulmonary hypertension p. 703
Hyperaldosteronism p. 356
hypertension with p. 306
Hypertension p. 306
ACE inhibitors for p. 634
alcohol withdrawal p. 595
aliskiren for p. 634
α-blockers for p. 245
angiotensin II receptor blockers for p. 634
aortic dissection and p. 309, 728
atherosclerosis and p. 308
atrial fibrillation and p. 298
autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease p. 628
β -blockers for p. 247
Charcot-Bouchard microaneurysms p. 533
Cushing syndrome p. 354
ecstasy intoxication p. 595
endometrial cancer p. 665
episodic p. 345
Guillain-Barré syndrome p. 542
heart failure p. 323
hyperaldosteronism p. 356
immunosuppressants p. 118
intraparenchymal hemorrhage p. 532
isolated systolic p. 292
leflunomide p. 499
local anesthetics p. 571
loop diuretics for p. 632
MDMA p. 595
microangiopathic anemia p. 417
minoxidil p. 682
nephritic syndrome and p. 622
PCP p. 595
pheochromocytomas p. 345
placental abruption p. 664
polyarteritis nodosa p. 482
preeclampsia p. 667
in pregnancy p. 244
pregnancy p. 667
pseudoepherine/phenylephrine p. 711
renal cyst disorders p. 628
renal failure p. 626
sleep apnea p. 703
thiazides for p. 633
thoracic aortic aneurysms and p. 308
treatment for p. 323
tyramine p. 245
tyramine ingestion p. 599
Hypertensive urgency p. 306, 325
Isolated systolic hypertension p. 292
Kidney disease
hypertension p. 306
Labetalol p. 246
gestational hypertension p. 667
hypertension in pregnancy p. 323
Methyldopa
hypertension in pregnancy p. 323
Nephropathy
hypertension and p. 306
Obesity
hypertension risk factors p. 306
Pregnancy p. 657
hypertension in p. 667
hypertension treatment in p. 244, 323
Primary hyperaldosteronism p. 356
hypertension with p. 306
Primary hypertension p. 323
Refractory hypertension p. 682
Retinopathy
hypertension p. 306
Stroke p. 529
hypertension p. 306
Thiazide diuretics
hypertension p. 323
External Links
Transcript
Content Reviewers
Rishi Desai, MD, MPHOver a billion people around the world have hypertension, or high blood pressure, so that pretty much means it’s pretty common.
Let’s start by defining it. Typically, it’s represented by two numbers: the top number is the systolic blood pressure, which is the arterial pressure when the heart’s contracting; and the lower number is the diastolic blood pressure, which is the arterial pressure when the heart’s relaxing or refilling. Most of the time, blood pressure is taken in the brachial artery in your upper arm, because if the pressure is high there, it’s probably high throughout all of the arteries.
The guidelines for categorizing blood pressure have recently changed to reflect a growing body of evidence that shows that even moderately high blood pressures can significantly increase your risk for developing heart disease. Now, ‘normal’ systolic blood pressure is defined as less than 120 mmHg, and a normal diastolic pressure is less than 80 mmHg. Elevated systolic blood pressure is considered between 120 and 129 mmHg and less than 80 mmHg on the diastolic side. Stage 1 hypertension is between 130 and 139 mmHg on the systolic side, and between 80 and 89 mmHg on the diastolic side. Stage 2 hypertension is defined as anything that is 140 mmHg or higher on the Systolic side and 90 mmHg or higher on the diastolic side.
Typically, both systolic and diastolic pressures tend to climb or fall together, but that’s not always the case. Sometimes, you can have systolic or diastolic hypertension, when one number is normal and the other is really high. This is referred to as isolated systolic hypertension or isolated diastolic hypertension.
Sources
- "Robbins Basic Pathology" Elsevier (2017)
- "Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, Twentieth Edition (Vol.1 & Vol.2)" McGraw-Hill Education / Medical (2018)
- "Pathophysiology of Disease: An Introduction to Clinical Medicine 8E" McGraw-Hill Education / Medical (2018)
- "Arterial hypertension" Hellenic J Cardiol (2013 Sep)
- "Arterial hypertension in the light of current recommendations" Terapevticheskii arkhiv (2018)
- "Gender-specific therapeutic approach in arterial hypertension – Challenges ahead" Pharmacological Research (2019)
Copyright © 2023 Elsevier, except certain content provided by third parties
Cookies are used by this site.
USMLE® is a joint program of the Federation of State Medical Boards (FSMB) and the National Board of Medical Examiners (NBME). COMLEX-USA® is a registered trademark of The National Board of Osteopathic Medical Examiners, Inc. NCLEX-RN® is a registered trademark of the National Council of State Boards of Nursing, Inc. Test names and other trademarks are the property of the respective trademark holders. None of the trademark holders are endorsed by nor affiliated with Osmosis or this website.
