Intracerebral hemorrhage
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Intracerebral hemorrhage
Pathology
Central and peripheral nervous system disorders
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Nervous system pathology review
Adult brain tumors: Pathology review
Central nervous system infections: Pathology review
Cerebral vascular disease: Pathology review
Congenital neurological disorders: Pathology review
Dementia: Pathology review
Demyelinating disorders: Pathology review
Headaches: Pathology review
Movement disorders: Pathology review
Neurocutaneous disorders: Pathology review
Neuromuscular junction disorders: Pathology review
Pediatric brain tumors: Pathology review
Seizures: Pathology review
Spinal cord disorders: Pathology review
Traumatic brain injury: Pathology review
Assessments
Intracerebral hemorrhage
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18 pages
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Intracerebral hemorrhage
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USMLE® Step 1 style questions USMLE
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Reproduced from: Radiopaedia
Which of the following best describes the most likely etiology of this patient’s clinical presentation?
External References
First Aid
2016
Transcript
Content Reviewers
There are two main types of stroke: a hemorrhagic stroke, which occurs when an artery ruptures and bleeds within the brain, and an ischemic stroke, which occurs when an artery gets blocked.
Hemorrhagic strokes can be further split into two types, an intracerebral hemorrhage which is when bleeding occurs within the cerebrum, and a subarachnoid hemorrhage which is when bleeding occurs between the pia mater and arachnoid mater of the meninges - the inner and middle layers that wrap around the brain.
We’ll be focusing on intracerebral hemorrhages which are more common.
An intracerebral hemorrhage that involves just the brain tissue is called an intraparenchymal hemorrhage, whereas if the blood extends into the ventricles of the brain which store cerebrospinal fluid, it’s called an intraventricular hemorrhage.
OK - let’s start with some basic brain anatomy. The brain has a few regions - the most obvious is the cerebrum, which is divided into two cerebral hemispheres, each of which has a cortex - an outer region - divided into four lobes including the frontal lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe, and the occipital lobe.
There are also a number of additional structures - including the cerebellum, which is down below, as well as the brainstem which connects to the spinal cord.
The right cerebrum controls muscles on the left side of your body and vice versa.
Sources
- "Robbins Basic Pathology" Elsevier (2017)
- "Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, Twentieth Edition (Vol.1 & Vol.2)" McGraw-Hill Education / Medical (2018)
- "Pathophysiology of Disease: An Introduction to Clinical Medicine 8E" McGraw-Hill Education / Medical (2018)
- "CURRENT Medical Diagnosis and Treatment 2020" McGraw-Hill Education / Medical (2019)
- "Hemorrhagic transformation after cerebral infarction: current concepts and challenges" undefined (2014)
- "Intracerebral and subarachnoid hemorrhage in patients with cancer" Neurology (2010)
- "Intracranial Hemorrhage" Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America (2012)
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