Malassezia (Tinea versicolor and Seborrhoeic dermatitis)

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Malassezia (Tinea versicolor and Seborrhoeic dermatitis)

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NOTES NOTES CUTANEOUS FUNGAL INFECTIONS GENERALLY, WHAT ARE THEY? DIAGNOSIS PATHOLOGY & CAUSES ▪ Noninvasive fungal infections of skin and its annexes ▫ Limited to stratum corneum ▫ Caused by human skin’s commensal ﬂora LAB RESULTS ▪ Microscopic observation OTHER DIAGNOSTICS ▪ Clinical ﬁndings upon examination SIGNS & SYMPTOMS ▪ Skin pigmentation changes ▪ Characteristic lesions: macule, patch, scale, plaque ▪ Occasional pruritus TREATMENT MEDICATIONS ▪ Antifungal MALASSEZIA (TINEA VERSICOLOR & SEBORRHOEIC DERMATITIS) osms.it/malassezia PATHOLOGY & CAUSES ▪ Genus of yeast-like fungi ▪ Cause cutaneous infections ▪ Cutaneous commensal ﬂora, mostly lipiddependent (thrive on human sebum), saprophytic (nutrients obtained from dead, organic matter), dimorphic (yeast, hyphal/ mycelial forms) 366 OSMOSIS.ORG TYPES Tinea versicolor ▪ Superﬁcial cutaneous mycosis ▪ AKA pityriasis versicolor ▪ Most common causes: M. globosa, M. furfur, M. sympodialis ▪ Fungus produces azelaic acid → tyrosinase activity (activated by sunlight) → skin pigmentation changes → hypopigmented/ hyperpigmented macules, patches, plaques

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Malassezia (Tinea versicolor and Seborrhoeic dermatitis)

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USMLE® Step 1 style questions USMLE

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A 38-year-old man presents to the office with a 2-month history of itchy, white scales on the scalp. The patient reports that he has had the rash intermittently for many years, but could not recall the precise onset of symptoms. He endorses a greasy scaly rash on the face over the area between the nose and the mouth. Past medical history is noncontributory. Vitals are within normal limits. The physical examination is shown below. Which of the following is the most likely underlying association of this patient’s condition?

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^{Reproduced from Wikimedia Commons}

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