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Motor cortex
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Summary of Motor cortex
The motor cortex is the region of the cerebral cortex involved in the planning, control, and execution of voluntary movements. Classically the motor cortex is an area of the frontal lobe located in the dorsal precentral gyrus immediately anterior to the central sulcus.

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Physiology

Nervous system

Anatomy and physiology
Nervous system anatomy and physiology
Neuron action potential
Cerebral circulation
Blood brain barrier
Cerebrospinal fluid
Cranial nerves
Ascending and descending spinal tracts
Somatic nervous system
Motor cortex
Pyramidal and extrapyramidal tracts
Motor neurons and muscle spindles
Spinal cord reflexes
Sensory receptor function
Somatosensory receptors
Somatosensory pathways
Autonomic nervous system
Sympathetic nervous system
Adrenergic receptors
Parasympathetic nervous system
Cholinergic receptors
Enteric nervous system
Hypothalamus
Body temperature regulation (thermoregulation)
Hunger and satiety
Cerebellum
Cerebellum
Basal ganglia
Basal ganglia: Direct and indirect pathway of movement
Higher order brain functions
Memory
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High Yield Notes
17 pages
NOTES NOTES MOTOR NERVOUS SYSTEM MOTOR CORTEX osms.it/motor-cortex MOTOR CORTEX BASICS ▪ Cerebral cortex region dedicated to voluntary movement planning, control, execution ▪ Location: posterior precentral gyrus, anterior to central sulcus THREE INTERCONNECTED REGIONS Premotor cortex ▪ Movement preparation, sensory guidance ▪ Emphasis on control of proximal, trunk muscles Supplementary motor cortex ▪ Internally generates movement planning sequences ▪ Programs complex motor sequences ▫ Active during mental movement rehearsal (even without physical execution) ▪ Coordinates two sides of body, bilateral Figure 54.1 The three regions of the motor cortex. 464 OSMOSIS.ORG movement Primary motor cortex (area four) ▪ Topographically organized into motor homunculus ▪ Origin of programmed motor neuron activation patterns → movement execution ▪ Upper motor neurons in motor cortex become excited → transmit to brain stem, spinal cord → activate lower motor neurons → coordinated appropriate muscle contraction (voluntary movement) MOTOR ACTIVATION PATTERN ▪ Supplementary motor, premotor cortices develop motor plan (specific muscles to contract, extent, sequence) → upper motor neurons in primary motor cortex → descending nerve tracts → lower motor neurons in spinal cord ▪ Basal ganglia, cerebellum provide additional fine tuning of motor output
Motor cortex
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