Neurogenic bladder
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Neurogenic bladder
Pathology
Renal and ureteral disorders
Metabolic acidosis
Metabolic alkalosis
Respiratory acidosis
Respiratory alkalosis
Acute tubular necrosis
Postrenal azotemia
Prerenal azotemia
Renal azotemia
Horseshoe kidney
Potter sequence
Renal agenesis
Hypercalcemia
Hyperkalemia
Hypermagnesemia
Hypernatremia
Hyperphosphatemia
Hypocalcemia
Hypokalemia
Hypomagnesemia
Hyponatremia
Hypophosphatemia
Hydronephrosis
Kidney stones
Renal cortical necrosis
Renal papillary necrosis
Alport syndrome
Goodpasture syndrome
IgA nephropathy (NORD)
Lupus nephritis
Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis
Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis
Amyloidosis
Diabetic nephropathy
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (NORD)
Lupus nephritis
Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis
Membranous nephropathy
Minimal change disease
Acute pyelonephritis
Chronic pyelonephritis
Medullary cystic kidney disease
Medullary sponge kidney
Multicystic dysplastic kidney
Polycystic kidney disease
Chronic kidney disease
Renal tubular acidosis
Angiomyolipoma
Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome
Nephroblastoma (Wilms tumor)
Renal cell carcinoma
WAGR syndrome
Renal artery stenosis
Renal system pathology review
Acid-base disturbances: Pathology review
Congenital renal disorders: Pathology review
Electrolyte disturbances: Pathology review
Kidney stones: Pathology review
Nephritic syndromes: Pathology review
Nephrotic syndromes: Pathology review
Renal and urinary tract masses: Pathology review
Renal failure: Pathology review
Renal tubular acidosis: Pathology review
Renal tubular defects: Pathology review
Urinary incontinence: Pathology review
Urinary tract infections: Pathology review
Assessments
Neurogenic bladder
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High Yield Notes
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Neurogenic bladder
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Questions
USMLE® Step 1 style questions USMLE
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| Laboratory value | Result |
| Glucose | 118 mg/dL |
| HbA1c | 6.9% |
| Prostate-specific antigen (PSA)* | 3.6 ng/ml |
Which of the following is the most likely cause of the patient’s urinary symptoms?
External References
First Aid
2022
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2020
2019
2018
Neurogenic bladder p. 541, 624
Transcript
Content Reviewers
Contributors
With neurogenic bladder, neurogenic means arising from the nervous system, so neurogenic bladder is typically some difficulty emptying the bladder normally, as a result of either damage to the peripheral nerves, brain, or spinal cord.
Normally, urine is held in the bladder, which receives urine from two ureters coming down from the kidneys and then that urine leaves the bladder through the urethra.
As urine flows from the kidney, through the ureters and into the bladder, the bladder starts to expand into the abdomen. The bladder is able to expand and contract because it’s wrapped in a muscular layer, called the detrusor muscle, and within that, lining the bladder itself is a layer of transitional epithelium containing “umbrella cells”. These umbrella cells get their name because they physically stretch out as the bladder fills, just like an umbrella opening in slow-motion.
In a grown adult, the bladder can expand to hold about 750ml, slightly less in women than men because the uterus takes up space which crowds out the bladder a bit.
Okay - so when the urine is collecting in the bladder, there are basically two “doors” that are shut, holding that urine in. The first door is the internal sphincter muscle, which is made of smooth muscle and is under involuntary control, meaning that it opens and closes automatically. Typically, the internal sphincter muscle opens up when the bladder is about half full.
Summary
Neurogenic bladder is a type of bladder dysfunction that is caused by damage to the nerves related to the bladder control. It is characterized by difficulty emptying the bladder normally, as a result of either damage to the peripheral nerves, brain, or spinal cord.
Neurogenic bladder can occur as a result of various conditions, such as spinal cord injuries, multiple sclerosis, and diabetes. Related bladder dysfunctions could be overflow incontinence, where the bladder fills up to capacity and then dribbles out of the urethra, or urge incontinence, where an individual feels frequent urges to urinate.
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