Polyhydramnios
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Polyhydramnios
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USMLE® Step 1 style questions USMLE
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A 28-year-old woman, gravida 1 para 0, at 30 weeks gestation comes to the labor and delivery unit due to painful contractions for the past several hours. She did not receive any prenatal care. Temperature is 37.0°C (98.6°F), pulse is 94/min, and blood pressure is 135/84 mmHg. The fetal ultrasound shows an amniotic fluid index of 24 cm (normal 8-18) with the single deepest pocket measuring 9 cm. She denies any gush of fluid. Pelvic examination reveals a uterus size consistent with 34 weeks of gestation. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this patient presentation?
Memory Anchors and Partner Content
External References
First Aid
2024
2023
2022
2021
Anencephaly p. 501
polyhydramnios and p. NaN
Diabetes mellitus p. 350-358
polyhydramnios and p. 659
Polyhydramnios p. 501, NaN
esophageal atresia and p. 366
Summary
Polyhydramnios is a condition in which there is an abnormally high amount of amniotic fluid present in the amniotic sac. It is caused by fetal anomalies like esophageal atresia and anencephaly that result in an inability to swallow the fluid; maternal diabetes; fetal anemia, or multiple gestations. It is diagnosed through ultrasound during pregnancy, and symptoms include a high fundal height not corresponding to the gestational age, and difficulty palpating the fetal parts. Treatment is determined by the cause, gestational age, and severity; and may include expectant management or amniocentesis.