Poxvirus (Smallpox and Molluscum contagiosum)

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Summary of Poxvirus (Smallpox and Molluscum contagiosum)

Molluscum contagiosum is a cutaneous disorder caused by the poxvirus family of viruses, the largest known DNA viruses. It presents with flesh-coloured or pearly white 2-5mm papules with central umbilication. These papules can appear anywhere on the body. In children it is usually spread through fomites or direct contact with a lesion. Sexual contact is the commonest method of spread in adults. The disease is self-limited, so no treatment is usually necessary.

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Poxvirus (Smallpox and Molluscum contagiosum)

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$Chapter 2 Acyanotic Defects NOTES POXVIRIDAE MICROBE OVERVIEW Genetic material ▪ Linear double-stranded DNA Replication ▪ In host cell cytoplasm Taxonomy ▪ Poxviridae: family of double-stranded DNA viruses Associated clinical syndromes ▪ Febrile rash illnesses: smallpox (eradicated), monkeypox ▪ Skin lesions: vesicles, pustules, papules, skin thickening Morphology ▪ Brick-shaped/ovoid ▪ Enveloped (outer lipid membrane) ▪ Size: 220–450nm MOLLUSCUM CONTAGIOSUM osms.it/molluscum-contagiosum PATHOLOGY & CAUSES ▪ Molluscum contagiosum virus (MCV): poxvirus; causes papular skin disease ▪ Four subtypes; genotype 1 causes most U.S. cases ▪ Common in children, adolescents ▪ Skin penetration → stratum spinosum replication within keratinocytes → epidermal hypertrophy → papules ▪ Incubation period: 2–6 weeks COMPLICATIONS ▪ Widespread/refractory lesions in immunosuppressed individuals CAUSES ▪ Physical contact, autoinoculation, fomites RISK FACTORS ▪ Contact sports; sexual intercourse with infected individuals; immunosuppression; atopic dermatitis Figure 91.1 The wart-like lesions caused by molluscum contagiosum infection. OSMOSIS.ORG 497$

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Poxvirus (Smallpox and Molluscum contagiosum)

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USMLE® Step 1 style questions USMLE

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A 4-year-old girl is brought to her pediatrician for evaluation of skin lesions. The patient’s mother noticed several bumpy skin lesions on her daughter's arm earlier this week. The patient is currently attending daycare and scraped her knee last week but is otherwise healthy. She has not been exposed to any sick contacts, and none of her family members have similar lesions. Vital signs are within normal limits, and physical examination is notable for the following finding:

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These lesions are nontender to palpation. The pathogen responsible for this patient’s clinical presentation was most likely transmitted in which of the following manners?

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