48,935views
00:00 / 00:00
de completadas
de completadas
2024
2023
2022
2021
pulmonary arterial hypertension p. 697
pulmonary hypertension p. 697
pulmonary arterial hypertension p. 697
pulmonary arterial hypertension p. 697
pulmonary arterial hypertension p. 697
pulmonary hypertension p. 697
pulmonary hypertension p. 697
pulmonary hypertension p. 684
pulmonary hypertension p. 705
pulmonary hypertension p. 697
pulmonary hypertension p. 684
pulmonary arterial hypertension p. 697
for pulmonary hypertension p. 705
pulmonary arterial hypertension p. 697
high altitude and p. 686
cor pulmonale p. 684
drug therapy p. 705
PDE-5 inhibitors for p. 675
Schistosoma p. , 157
sleep apnea p. 697
pulmonary hypertension p. 697
pulmonary arterial hypertension p. 697
Pulmonary hypertension refers to increased blood pressure in the pulmonary circulation, more specifically a mean pulmonary arterial pressure that is greater than 25 mmHg.
The pulmonary circulation starts with the right ventricle.
From there - blood is pumped into the large pulmonary trunk, which splits to form the two pulmonary arteries – one for each lung.
The pulmonary arteries divide into smaller arteries known as pulmonary arterioles and then eventually into pulmonary capillaries which surround the alveoli - which are the millions of tiny air sacs where gas exchange happens.
At that point, oxygen enters the blood and carbon dioxide enters the alveoli.
The pulmonary capillaries drain into small veins that join to form the two pulmonary veins exiting each lung, and these pulmonary veins complete the circuit by delivering oxygen-rich blood into the left atrium.
The blood pressure in the pulmonary circulation is normally much lower than the systemic blood pressure.
The normal pulmonary artery pressure is about 25/10 mmHg with a mean arterial pressure of 15 mmHg.
Pulmonary hypertension most commonly develops as a result of left heart disease.
Here the pulmonary blood vessels are normal and undamaged, but the left side of the heart is unable to pump efficiently – for example because of heart failure or valvular dysfunction.
This causes a backup of blood in the pulmonary veins and capillary beds, which can increase the pressure in the pulmonary artery.
Another cause of pulmonary hypertension is chronic lung disease, which typically causes hypoxic vasoconstriction.
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a condition characterized by an increase in blood pressure in the pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein, or pulmonary capillaries. It can be due to left heart disease, chronic lung disease, or other conditions that specifically cause pulmonary arterial hypertension. Regardless of the cause, it can complicate right-sided heart failure, what's referred to as cor pulmonale. Symptoms of PH include shortness of breath, dizziness, fainting, and leg swelling. Treatment focuses on the underlying cause and may include supplemental oxygen, and medications like endothelin receptor antagonists and prostacyclins.
Copyright © 2024 Elsevier, its licensors, and contributors. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.
Cookies are used by this site.
USMLE® is a joint program of the Federation of State Medical Boards (FSMB) and the National Board of Medical Examiners (NBME). COMLEX-USA® is a registered trademark of The National Board of Osteopathic Medical Examiners, Inc. NCLEX-RN® is a registered trademark of the National Council of State Boards of Nursing, Inc. Test names and other trademarks are the property of the respective trademark holders. None of the trademark holders are endorsed by nor affiliated with Osmosis or this website.