Renal papillary necrosis

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Renal papillary necrosis

Renal system

Renal and ureteral disorders

Renal agenesis

Horseshoe kidney

Potter sequence

Hyperphosphatemia

Hypophosphatemia

Hypernatremia

Hyponatremia

Hypermagnesemia

Hypomagnesemia

Hyperkalemia

Hypokalemia

Hypercalcemia

Hypocalcemia

Renal tubular acidosis

Minimal change disease

Diabetic nephropathy

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (NORD)

Amyloidosis

Membranous nephropathy

Lupus nephritis

Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis

Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis

Goodpasture syndrome

Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis

IgA nephropathy (NORD)

Lupus nephritis

Alport syndrome

Kidney stones

Hydronephrosis

Acute pyelonephritis

Chronic pyelonephritis

Prerenal azotemia

Renal azotemia

Acute tubular necrosis

Postrenal azotemia

Renal papillary necrosis

Renal cortical necrosis

Chronic kidney disease

Polycystic kidney disease

Multicystic dysplastic kidney

Medullary cystic kidney disease

Medullary sponge kidney

Renal artery stenosis

Renal cell carcinoma

Angiomyolipoma

Nephroblastoma (Wilms tumor)

WAGR syndrome

Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome

Bladder and urethral disorders

Posterior urethral valves

Hypospadias and epispadias

Vesicoureteral reflux

Bladder exstrophy

Urinary incontinence

Neurogenic bladder

Lower urinary tract infection

Transitional cell carcinoma

Non-urothelial bladder cancers

Renal system pathology review

Congenital renal disorders: Pathology review

Renal tubular defects: Pathology review

Renal tubular acidosis: Pathology review

Acid-base disturbances: Pathology review

Electrolyte disturbances: Pathology review

Renal failure: Pathology review

Nephrotic syndromes: Pathology review

Nephritic syndromes: Pathology review

Urinary incontinence: Pathology review

Urinary tract infections: Pathology review

Kidney stones: Pathology review

Renal and urinary tract masses: Pathology review

Assessments

Renal papillary necrosis

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Renal papillary necrosis

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Questions

USMLE® Step 1 style questions USMLE

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A 50-year-old man comes to his primary care physician’s office for routine follow-up. He was recently diagnosed with osteoarthritis of the knees four weeks ago and was initiated on analgesic medications. Past medical history is significant for diabetes mellitus. Current medications include metformin, naproxen and acetaminophen. His vitals and physical exam are within normal limits. Laboratory results are as follows.  

 Laboratory value  Results 
  4 weeks ago  Today 
 Serum chemistry 
 Sodium  138 mEq/L  137 mEq/L 
 Potassium  4 mEq/L  4.1 mEq/L 
 Bicarbonate  24 mEq/L  25 mEq/L 
 Chloride  96 mEq/L  94 mEq/L 
 Creatinine  1.1 mg/dL  1.6 mg/dL 
 Urinalysis 
 Protein  100 mg/day  102 mg/day 
 Cast  None  None 
 Blood  negative  negative 
   
Changes to which of the following anatomic regions is most likely accountable for this patient’s rise in creatinine?  

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Acute pyelonephritis p. 625

renal papillary necrosis and p. 625

Diabetes mellitus p. 352-360

renal papillary necrosis and p. 625

Hematuria p. 620

renal papillary necrosis p. 627-NaN

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) p. 499

renal papillary necrosis p. 626

Proteinuria p. 619

renal papillary necrosis and p. 626

Renal papillary necrosis p. 625

pyelonephritis and p. 625

sickle cell anemia p. 417

Sickle cell disease

renal papillary necrosis p. 627

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Summary

Renal papillary necrosis is a condition in which impaired blood supply to the kidneys leads to diffuse ischemia and subsequent necrosis of the renal papilla. Risk factors for renal papillary necrosis include diabetes, sickle cell anemia, and certain medications such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Symptoms may include fever, flank pain, and blood in the urine. Treatment may include antibiotics, pain management, and in severe cases, surgery.

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