Spinal disc herniation
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Spinal disc herniation
Pathology
Pediatric musculoskeletal conditions
Radial head subluxation (Nursemaid elbow)
Developmental dysplasia of the hip
Legg-Calve-Perthes disease
Slipped capital femoral epiphysis
Transient synovitis
Osgood-Schlatter disease (traction apophysitis)
Musculoskeletal injuries and trauma
Rotator cuff tear
Dislocated shoulder
Radial head subluxation (Nursemaid elbow)
Winged scapula
Thoracic outlet syndrome
Carpal tunnel syndrome
Ulnar claw
Erb-Duchenne palsy
Klumpke paralysis
Iliotibial band syndrome
Unhappy triad
Anterior cruciate ligament injury
Patellar tendon rupture
Meniscus tear
Patellofemoral pain syndrome
Sprained ankle
Achilles tendon rupture
Spondylolysis
Spondylolisthesis
Degenerative disc disease
Spinal disc herniation
Sciatica
Compartment syndrome
Rhabdomyolysis
Bone disorders
Osteogenesis imperfecta
Craniosynostosis
Pectus excavatum
Arthrogryposis
Genu valgum
Genu varum
Pigeon toe
Flat feet
Club foot
Cleidocranial dysplasia
Achondroplasia
Osteomyelitis
Bone tumors
Osteochondroma
Chondrosarcoma
Osteoporosis
Osteomalacia and rickets
Osteopetrosis
Paget disease of bone
Osteosclerosis
Lordosis, kyphosis, and scoliosis
Joint disorders
Osteoarthritis
Spondylosis
Spinal stenosis
Rheumatoid arthritis
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Gout
Calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease (pseudogout)
Psoriatic arthritis
Ankylosing spondylitis
Reactive arthritis
Spondylitis
Septic arthritis
Bursitis
Baker cyst
Muscular disorders
Muscular dystrophy
Polymyositis
Dermatomyositis
Inclusion body myopathy
Polymyalgia rheumatica
Fibromyalgia
Rhabdomyosarcoma
Neuromuscular junction disorders
Myasthenia gravis
Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome
Other autoimmune disorders
Sjogren syndrome
Systemic lupus erythematosus
Mixed connective tissue disease
Antiphospholipid syndrome
Raynaud phenomenon
Scleroderma
Limited systemic sclerosis (CREST syndrome)
Musculoskeletal system pathology review
Back pain: Pathology review
Rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis: Pathology review
Seronegative and septic arthritis: Pathology review
Gout and pseudogout: Pathology review
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE): Pathology review
Scleroderma: Pathology review
Sjogren syndrome: Pathology review
Bone disorders: Pathology review
Bone tumors: Pathology review
Myalgias and myositis: Pathology review
Neuromuscular junction disorders: Pathology review
Muscular dystrophies and mitochondrial myopathies: Pathology review
Pediatric musculoskeletal disorders: Pathology review
Assessments
Spinal disc herniation
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High Yield Notes
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Spinal disc herniation
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Reproduced from: Radiopaedia
External References
First Aid
2022
2021
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2018
2017
2016
Disc herniation p. 463
Vertebral disc herniation p. 524
External Links
Summary
Spinal disc herniation is a medical condition in which there is a tear in the outer fibrous ring of an intervertebral disc, allowing the central portion called the nucleus pulposus to bulge out beyond the damaged outer ring. This puts pressure on the spinal nerves and causes pain, numbness, tingling, or muscle weakness in the affected area. Disc herniation is usually due to age-related degeneration of the annulus fibrosus, although trauma, lifting injuries, and straining have been implicated. The severity of the symptoms can vary depending on the size and location of the herniation. Treatment options can range from conservative measures like pain management and physical therapy to surgical interventions in more severe cases.
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