Surface epithelial-stromal tumor
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Surface epithelial-stromal tumor
Reproductive system
Female reproductive system disorders
Amenorrhea
Breast cancer
Fibrocystic breast changes
Intraductal papilloma
Mastitis
Paget disease of the breast
Phyllodes tumor
Intrauterine growth restriction
Oligohydramnios
Polyhydramnios
Potter sequence
Postpartum hemorrhage
Preterm labor
Pelvic inflammatory disease
Urethritis
Ectopic pregnancy
Gestational trophoblastic disease
Miscarriage
Germ cell ovarian tumor
Krukenberg tumor
Ovarian cyst
Ovarian torsion
Polycystic ovary syndrome
Premature ovarian failure
Sex cord-gonadal stromal tumor
Surface epithelial-stromal tumor
Chorioamnionitis
Congenital cytomegalovirus (NORD)
Congenital rubella syndrome
Congenital syphilis
Congenital toxoplasmosis
Neonatal conjunctivitis
Neonatal herpes simplex
Neonatal meningitis
Neonatal sepsis
Cervical incompetence
Gestational diabetes
Gestational hypertension
Hyperemesis gravidarum
Placenta accreta
Placenta previa
Placental abruption
Preeclampsia & eclampsia
Female sexual interest and arousal disorder
Genito-pelvic pain and penetration disorder
Orgasmic dysfunction
Fetal alcohol syndrome
Fetal hydantoin syndrome
Cervical cancer
Choriocarcinoma
Endometrial cancer
Endometrial hyperplasia
Endometriosis
Endometritis
Uterine fibroid
Male and female reproductive system disorders
Delayed puberty
Precocious puberty
5-alpha-reductase deficiency
Androgen insensitivity syndrome
Kallmann syndrome
Klinefelter syndrome
Turner syndrome
Male reproductive system disorders
Bladder exstrophy
Hypospadias and epispadias
Penile cancer
Priapism
Benign prostatic hyperplasia
Prostate cancer
Prostatitis
Erectile dysfunction
Male hypoactive sexual desire disorder
Cryptorchidism
Epididymitis
Inguinal hernia
Orchitis
Testicular cancer
Testicular torsion
Varicocele
Reproductive system pathology review
Benign breast conditions: Pathology review
Breast cancer: Pathology review
Cervical cancer: Pathology review
Complications during pregnancy: Pathology review
Congenital TORCH infections: Pathology review
Disorders of sex chromosomes: Pathology review
Disorders of sexual development and sex hormones: Pathology review
HIV and AIDS: Pathology review
Ovarian cysts and tumors: Pathology review
Penile conditions: Pathology review
Prostate disorders and cancer: Pathology review
Sexually transmitted infections: Vaginitis and cervicitis: Pathology review
Sexually transmitted infections: Warts and ulcers: Pathology review
Testicular and scrotal conditions: Pathology review
Testicular tumors: Pathology review
Uterine disorders: Pathology review
Vaginal and vulvar disorders: Pathology review
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Surface epithelial-stromal tumor
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Surface epithelial-stromal tumor
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Reproduced from: Wikimedia Commons
Reproduced from: Wikimedia Commons
This patient’s lesion most likely arose from which of the following structures of the ovary?
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Epithelial refers to the surface lining, and ovarian refers to ovary, of which women have two that sit along either side of the uterus so epithelial ovarian cancer, is a cancer that forms along the surface of an ovary.
Now, each ovary contains multiple follicles.
And, each follicle is made up of a germ cell, also known as an oocyte, which is the immature egg.
Between the follicles is the stromal or connective tissue cells, and lining the ovary is a layer of epithelial cells.
Ovarian tumors are generally grouped based on these three types of cells in the ovaries, and the majority of ovarian cancers are epithelial kind.
Now, if an epithelial cell starts to divide uncontrollably, it can either be a benign tumor which means that it does not invade nearby tissue or spread to other parts of the body, or it can be a malignant tumor which means that it might invade or spread to other tissues.
Compared with benign tumor cells, a distinguishing feature of malignant tumor cells have slightly less organized nuclei.
A third class of tumors are called borderline tumors because they have features that are intermediate between the other benign and malignant tumors.
Epithelial ovarian cancers can be subdivided into four types: serous, mucinous, endometrioid and transitional.
Serous and mucinous tumors arise from epithelial cells that line the outside of ovaries, whereas even though the tumors are found in the epithelium, the endometrioid and transitional cell tumors arise from other cell types.
Serous tumors have fluid-filled cysts, typically a single cyst, and can be benign, malignant, or borderline.
Benign serous tumors are called serous cystadenomas, and are the most common type, and often develop on both ovaries, and typically affect premenopausal women.
Mucinous tumors, on the other hand, have mucus-filled cysts that often involve large multiloculated cysts, but can also be benign, malignant, or borderline.
Summary
Surface epithelial-stromal tumors (SESTs), are tumors that arise from the ovarian surface epithelium, ectopic endometrial tissue, fallopian tube epithelium, or the endocervix. They can occur in many organs and tissues, including the ovaries, uterus, and other parts of the reproductive tract. These tumors can vary in size and type and can have variable clinical behaviors depending on the type. Treatment may include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation, and other therapies, depending on the type and severity of the tumor.
Sources
- "Robbins Basic Pathology" Elsevier (2017)
- "Harrison’s principles of internal medicine" McGraw Hill Education/ Medical (2018)
- "Pathophysiology of Disease: An Introduction to Clinical Medicine 8E" McGraw-Hill Education / Medical (2018)
- "CURRENT Medical Diagnosis and Treatment 2020" McGraw-Hill Education / Medical (2019)
- "Mucinous Tumors of the Ovary: Current Thoughts on Diagnosis and Management" Current Oncology Reports (2014)
- "A case of small cell carcinoma of the ovary hypercalcemic variant in a teenager" Gynecologic Oncology Case Reports (2012)
- "Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Metastasizing to the Brain: A Late Manifestation of the Disease With an Increasing Incidence" Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)
- "Fertility and borderline ovarian tumor: a systematic review of conservative management, risk of recurrence and alternative options" Human Reproduction Update (2012)
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