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Telogen effluvium

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Pathology

Integumentary system

Pigmented skin disorders

Acneiform skin disorders

Hidradenitis suppurativa

Papulosquamous and inflammatory skin disorders

Contact dermatitis

Atopic dermatitis

Pityriasis rosea

Seborrhoeic dermatitis

Keratotic skin disorders

Actinic keratosis

Vesiculobullous skin disorders

Epidermolysis bullosa

Bullous pemphigoid

Pemphigus vulgaris

Desquamating skin disorders

Erythema multiforme

Stevens-Johnson syndrome

Skin integrity disorders

Skin infections

Necrotizing fasciitis

Human papillomavirus

Varicella zoster virus

Poxvirus (Smallpox and Molluscum contagiosum)

Herpes simplex virus

Malassezia (Tinea versicolor and Seborrhoeic dermatitis)

Pediculus humanus and Phthirus pubis (Lice)

Sarcoptes scabiei (Scabies)

Human herpesvirus 6 (Roseola)

Varicella zoster virus

Skin neoplasms

Vascular tumors

Human herpesvirus 8 (Kaposi sarcoma)

Hair and nail disorders

Alopecia areata

Telogen effluvium

Integumentary system pathology review

Pigmentation skin disorders: Pathology review

Acneiform skin disorders: Pathology review

Papulosquamous and inflammatory skin disorders: Pathology review

Vesiculobullous and desquamating skin disorders: Pathology review

Skin cancer: Pathology review

Bacterial and viral skin infections: Pathology review

Viral exanthems of childhood: Pathology review

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Telogen effluvium

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OTHER DIAGNOSTICS ▪ Based on timeline of events, physical examination (exclamation point hairs) ▫ Short, broken hairs around area of hair loss ▫ Narrower proximal than distal end ▫ Dermatoscope may make hairs easier to spot TREATMENT ▪ Treatment unreliable, temporary; no cure MEDICATIONS ▪ Intralesional steroid injections of triamcinolone acetonide ▪ Topical agents including 5% minoxidil solution/topical steroids Figure 4.1 The clinical appearance of the scalp in a case of alopecia areata. TELOGEN EFFLUVIUM osms.it/telogen-effluvium PATHOLOGY & CAUSES ▪ Periodic episodes of increased hair thinning/shedding due to altered follicle growth cycle ▫ Occurs during follicles’ telogen (resting) phase CAUSES ▪ May be related to ▫ Recent stressor (e.g. major illness/ surgery) ▫ Drugs/toxins ▫ Nutritional deﬁciencies SIGNS & SYMPTOMS ▪ Non-scarring, diffuse < 50% hair loss ▪ Nail changes ▫ Deep grooved lines running from side to side may be present 22 OSMOSIS.ORG DIAGNOSIS OTHER DIAGNOSTICS ▪ Determine timeline of stressors, recent events, drug/medication usage, course/ characteristics of hair loss ▪ Hair-pull test ▫ Grasp 50–60 hairs → tug lightly ▫ If > 6–10 hairs extracted, test = positive ▫ Telogen hairs conﬁrmed by microscopic examination TREATMENT ▪ Sometimes self-correcting OTHER INTERVENTIONS ▪ Reduce stressors, improve diet, handle hair carefully

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Telogen effluvium

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Telogen effluvium

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