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ETP Reproductive System
Anatomy of the pelvic girdle
Anatomy of the pelvic cavity
Arteries and veins of the pelvis
Anatomy of the male reproductive organs of the pelvis
Nerves and lymphatics of the pelvis
Anatomy clinical correlates: Male pelvis and perineum
Anatomy of the breast
Anatomy of the female urogenital triangle
Anatomy clinical correlates: Breast
Development of the reproductive system
Development of the placenta
Ectoderm
Human development week 3
Prostate gland histology
Penis histology
Testis, ductus deferens, and seminal vesicle histology
Mammary gland histology
Ovary histology
Fallopian tube and uterus histology
Cervix and vagina histology
Anatomy and physiology of the male reproductive system
Puberty and Tanner staging
Testosterone
Anatomy and physiology of the female reproductive system
Estrogen and progesterone
Menstrual cycle
Menopause
Pregnancy
Oxytocin and prolactin
Stages of labor
Breastfeeding
Precocious puberty
Delayed puberty
Klinefelter syndrome
Turner syndrome
Androgen insensitivity syndrome
5-alpha-reductase deficiency
Kallmann syndrome
Hypospadias and epispadias
Bladder exstrophy
Priapism
Penile cancer
Prostatitis
Benign prostatic hyperplasia
Prostate cancer
Cryptorchidism
Inguinal hernia
Varicocele
Epididymitis
Orchitis
Testicular torsion
Testicular cancer
Erectile dysfunction
Sexual dysfunctions: Clinical (To be retired)
Male hypoactive sexual desire disorder
Amenorrhea
Ovarian cysts and tumors: Pathology review
Ovarian cysts, cancer, and other adnexal masses: Clinical (To be retired)
Ovarian cyst
Premature ovarian failure
Polycystic ovary syndrome
Ovarian torsion
Krukenberg tumor
Sex cord-gonadal stromal tumor
Surface epithelial-stromal tumor
Germ cell ovarian tumor
Uterine fibroid
Endometriosis
Endometritis
Endometrial hyperplasia
Endometrial cancer
Endometrial hyperplasia and cancer: Clinical (To be retired)
Choriocarcinoma
Cervical cancer
Pelvic inflammatory disease
Urethritis
Female sexual interest and arousal disorder
Orgasmic dysfunction
Genito-pelvic pain and penetration disorder
Mastitis
Benign breast conditions: Pathology review
Fibrocystic breast changes
Intraductal papilloma
Phyllodes tumor
Paget disease of the breast
Breast cancer
Breast cancer: Pathology review
Breast cancer: Clinical (To be retired)
Hyperemesis gravidarum
Gestational hypertension
Preeclampsia & eclampsia
Gestational diabetes
Cervical incompetence
Placenta previa
Placenta accreta
Placental abruption
Oligohydramnios
Polyhydramnios
Potter sequence
Intrauterine growth restriction
Preterm labor
Abnormal labor: Clinical (To be retired)
Postpartum hemorrhage
Postpartum hemorrhage: Clinical (To be retired)
Antepartum hemorrhage: Clinical (To be retired)
Chorioamnionitis
Congenital toxoplasmosis
Congenital cytomegalovirus (NORD)
Congenital syphilis
Neonatal conjunctivitis
Neonatal herpes simplex
Congenital rubella syndrome
Neonatal sepsis
Neonatal meningitis
Miscarriage
Gestational trophoblastic disease
Ectopic pregnancy
Fetal hydantoin syndrome
Fetal alcohol syndrome
Disorders of sex chromosomes: Pathology review
Prostate disorders and cancer: Pathology review
Testicular tumors: Pathology review
Uterine disorders: Pathology review
Abnormal uterine bleeding: Clinical (To be retired)
Cervical cancer: Pathology review
Vaginal and vulvar disorders: Pathology review
Vulvovaginitis: Clinical (To be retired)
Complications during pregnancy: Pathology review
Congenital TORCH infections: Pathology review
Disorders of sexual development and sex hormones: Pathology review
Infertility: Clinical (To be retired)
Shock: Clinical (To be retired)
Paraphilic disorders: Clinical (To be retired)
Sexually transmitted infections: Clinical (To be retired)
Chlamydia trachomatis
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Treponema pallidum (Syphilis)
Gardnerella vaginalis (Bacterial vaginosis)
Haemophilus ducreyi (Chancroid)
Human papillomavirus
PDE5 inhibitors
Aromatase inhibitors
Adrenergic antagonists: Alpha blockers
Estrogens and antiestrogens
Progestins and antiprogestins
Androgens and antiandrogens
Uterine stimulants and relaxants
Testicular torsion
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Testicular torsion is a medical emergency that occurs when the testicle twists on its spermatic cord, cutting off the blood supply to the testicle, which can lead to ischemia. The principal symptom is rapid onset of testicular pain. The most common underlying cause in adolescents and neonates is a congenital malformation known as a "bell-clapper deformity" wherein the testis is inadequately affixed to the scrotum allowing it to move freely on its axis and susceptible to induced twisting of the cord and its vessels. Testicular malignancy is the most common cause in adults.
Symptoms include sudden onset of severe pain in one testicle, often accompanied by swelling and tenderness, there may also be nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain, and a high-riding testicle. Diagnosis is clinical, with a scrotal ultrasound for confirmation. Treatment may require emergency detorsion, which can be done manually, or surgically if the former is not possible
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