Warthin tumor
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Warthin tumor
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Warthin tumor
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Content Reviewers
Rishi Desai, MD, MPHContributors
Tanner Marshall, MS
Warthin’s tumor, or Warthin tumor, is a benign slow-growing tumor of the parotid gland named for Dr. Aldred Scott Warthin, who was the first pathologist to described it.
Normally, the parotid gland has glandular cells that make enzymes that help to break down food, as well as tiny ducts lined by epithelial cells that carry those enzymes towards the mouth.
Warthin tumor’s other name, papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum, is long and technical but describes the disease pretty well.
Cystadenoma refers to the fact that the ducts grow in size and fill up with serous fluid and cellular debris which forms a large cyst.
Papillary refers to the fact that the layer of epithelial cells start to fold into the duct which forms a finger-like projection, called a papilla.
Finally, lymphomatosum refers to the fact that the epithelium layer gets infiltrated by lymphocytes which organize themselves into what look like germinal centers, which is something you’d would expect to find if you looked at the cross section of a lymph node.
Looking at histology, we can see the papilla, the lymphocytes, and the cystic space where the serous fluid and cellular debris are.
Now, Warthin’s tumor isn’t malignant, meaning that it doesn’t break through the basement membrane layer of the tissue, although there is a connective tissue capsule usually forms around the growing tumor, which clearly demarcates it from the rest of the parotid gland.
Also, the parotid gland start to not function normally, since the ducts turn into cysts and normal epithelial cells stop functioning.
Summary
Warthin tumor, also known as papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum, is a benign tumor that most commonly occurs in the parotid gland, a salivary gland located in the cheek. It is characterized by a cystic structure lined by tall columnar epithelium with lymphoid stroma, and typically presents as a slow-growing, painless mass. Treatment is generally surgical removal of the tumor, and the prognosis is excellent as the tumor is typically benign and does not tend to recur after removal.
Sources
- "Robbins Basic Pathology" Elsevier (2017)
- "Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, Twentieth Edition (Vol.1 & Vol.2)" McGraw-Hill Education / Medical (2018)
- "Pathophysiology of Disease: An Introduction to Clinical Medicine 8E" McGraw-Hill Education / Medical (2018)
- "CURRENT Medical Diagnosis and Treatment 2020" McGraw-Hill Education / Medical (2019)
- "Benign Parotid Tumors" Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America (2016)
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