Video - Traumatic brain injury: Pathology review

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Video Summary
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a type of injury that occurs when an external force blows or jolts the head, resulting in temporary or permanent brain dysfunction. Sometimes, TBI can lead to increased intracranial pressure, which can have various consequences, like brain herniations that are life-threatening.
TBI can range from mild to severe and can result in a wide range of physical, cognitive, and emotional symptoms. Symptoms can include headaches, confusion, memory loss, difficulty concentrating, mood changes, and more.
Diagnosis can be made based on clinical presentation, imaging tests of the brain, like CT or MRI, or other techniques such as a lumbar puncture. TBIs usually require surgery. Treatment for TBI typically involves drugs such as mannitol to control intracranial pressure, antiseizure medications like phenobarbital to control seizures, and neurosurgical interventions like when there is a need for hematoma evacuation.