Video - Vaginal and vulvar disorders: Pathology review

Vaginal and vulvar disorders refer to a wide range of conditions affecting the female reproductive system. Common vaginal and vulvar disorders include bartholin's cysts, where a blockage of the bartholin's gland duct results in cystic dilation and may lead to an abscess; lichen sclerosus which is a benign condition characterized by thinning of the epidermis and sclerosis of the dermis. There's also imperforate hymen which classically presents as primary amenorrhea with hematocolpos.

Other conditions include vaginal cancers, like squamous cell carcinoma, and clear cell adenocarcinoma, and vulvar cancers like melanomas and adenocarcinomas. There may also be infections like vaginal yeast infections, bacterial vaginosis, and genital warts. Diagnosis of these disorders involves a physical examination, medical history review, and potentially laboratory tests or biopsies. Treatment depends on the underlying cause and can range from topical creams and medications to surgery. Regular gynecological exams and good hygiene practices can help prevent and detect these conditions early.