Video - Viral hepatitis: Pathology review

Viral hepatitis is defined as inflammation of the liver parenchyma and it is most commonly caused by hepatitis viruses A, B, C, D, and E. When a person is infected with a hepatitis virus, the virus targets and infects liver cells, leading to inflammation and damage to the liver tissue. This can result in a range of symptoms, including fatigue, nausea, abdominal pain, jaundice, and in severe cases, liver failure.

In acute viral hepatitis, the immune system responds to the infection by producing antibodies that help to clear the virus from the body. However, in some cases, the virus can persist and lead to chronic hepatitis, which can cause ongoing liver damage and increase the risk of cirrhosis and liver cancer.

The severity and course of the infection can vary depending on the specific virus involved, as well as other factors such as the individual's age, immune status, and underlying health conditions. Treatment options also vary depending on the virus and the severity of the infection and may include antiviral medications, supportive care, and in some cases, liver transplantation.