Acid-base disturbances Quiz: Ace Your Exams

Get ready to dominate your medical and nursing exams by using our dynamic quizzes to elevate your knowledge and increase your confidence. Whether you're gearing up for the USMLE®, COMLEX®, or your next in-class assessment, Osmosis quizzes tackle key topics in pathology, diagnostics, and treatment approaches. By honing in on clinical readiness and decision-making, we make sure the knowledge you gain empowers you both in the classroom and in real-world practice. Jump in and supercharge your exam prep!

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A 35-year-old man comes to the emergency department complaining of shortness of breath and a cough productive of yellowish sputum. His symptoms began 6 hours ago. Past medical history is notable for asthma and type I diabetes mellitus. The patient uses an albuterol inhaler and takes daily insulin injections. His temperature is 39.5°C (103°F), pulse is 87/min, blood pressure is 112/74 mmHg, and respirations are 10/min. Physical examination reveals a somnolent patient in respiratory distress with audible wheezing, accessory muscle use, and a prolonged expiratory phase. The patient’s blood glucose is 140 mg/dL (reference range: 70-110 mg/dL). A chest x-ray is ordered and is demonstrated below:

A chest X-ray shows heart and lungs. Ribs are visible across chest area. The image is in black and white, typical for a medical X-ray.

_{Image reproduced from Radiopedia}

Which of the following set of laboratory findings will most likely be present in this patient?

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A table lists blood gas values: Serum pH 7.30, Arterial PaCO2 52 mEq/L, Arterial PaO2 70 mEq/L, and HCO3 25 mEq/L.

A table displays blood gas values: Serum pH 7.50, Arterial PaCO2 40 mEq/L, Arterial PaO2 90 mEq/L, and HCO3- 30 mEq/L. It's a single row of data.

A table displays blood gas values: Serum pH 7.50, Arterial PaCO2 25 mEq/L, Arterial PaO2 100 mEq/L, and HCO3- 25 mEq/L, all in a single row of data.

A table lists serum pH, arterial PaCO2, arterial PaO2, and HCO3 levels. Values are 7.30, 52 mEq/L, 70 mEq/L, and 35 mEq/L respectively.

A table shows blood gas values. Serum pH 7.40, Arterial PaCO2 40 mEq/L, Arterial PaO2 90 mEq/L, HCO3- 25 mEq/L.