Aortic stenosis Quiz: Ace Your Exams

Get ready to dominate your medical and nursing exams by using our dynamic quizzes to elevate your knowledge and increase your confidence. Whether you're gearing up for the USMLE®, COMLEX®, or your next in-class assessment, Osmosis quizzes tackle key topics in pathology, diagnostics, and treatment approaches. By honing in on clinical readiness and decision-making, we make sure the knowledge you gain empowers you both in the classroom and in real-world practice. Jump in and supercharge your exam prep!

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An 82-year-old man presents to the cardiology clinic for evaluation of aortic stenosis diagnosed by transthoracic echocardiogram. The patient experiences intermittent chest pain, although cardiac catheterization last year showed no significant coronary artery stenosis. He can only walk about 20 feet before needing to stop to catch his breath. He has experienced spontaneous loss of consciousness twice in the past six months. The patient has no other significant past medical history, and he is currently taking metoprolol. Vital signs are within normal limits. On physical examination, the patient appears fatigued. Cardiac auscultation reveals a loud systolic murmur in the second right intercostal space and an S4 heart sound. Mild non-pitting bipedal edema is present bilaterally. Transthoracic echocardiogram shows an aortic valve area of 0.8 cm2, a transvalvular velocity of 4.5 m/s, and a mean pressure gradient of 45 mmHg. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

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Mild aortic stenosis

Low-flow, low-gradient aortic stenosis

Moderate aortic stenosis

Normal-flow, low-gradient aortic stenosis

Severe aortic stenosis