Central nervous system infections Quiz: Ace Your Exams

Get ready to dominate your medical and nursing exams by using our dynamic quizzes to elevate your knowledge and increase your confidence. Whether you're gearing up for the USMLE®, COMLEX®, or your next in-class assessment, Osmosis quizzes tackle key topics in pathology, diagnostics, and treatment approaches. By honing in on clinical readiness and decision-making, we make sure the knowledge you gain empowers you both in the classroom and in real-world practice. Jump in and supercharge your exam prep!

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A 10-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department by his parents due to progressive fevers, lethargy, and confusion. The patient has had a severe headache for the past 3 days and vomited non-bilious emesis 4 times. The parents report that he is generally healthy besides a sore throat for the past week. The patient was born through normal vaginal birth and delivery and has reached all milestones. Immunizations are up to date, and the parents deny any trauma or sick contacts. Temperature is 38.7°C (101.6°F), pulse is 110/min, and blood pressure is 110/65 mmHg. On physical examination, the patient appears ill and is lethargic but arousable. Kernig and Brudzinski tests are positive. Lumbar puncture is performed and gram stain results are negative. CSF analysis results are pending. Examination of the oropharynx shows multiple 1-mm vesicles located on the posterior oropharynx and tonsils, as shown in the image below:  

A close-up view inside a mouth shows the uvula, soft palate, and back of the throat. Light from an external source illuminates the reddish tissues and visible teeth.
Retrieved from: Wikimedia Commons  
The pathogen responsible for this patient’s presentation is also associated with which of the following conditions?  

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