Dehydration (pediatrics) Quiz: Ace Your Exams
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An 18-month-old girl presents to the emergency department for evaluation of A cough lasting 2-3 days. The caregiver reports that the patient has been drinking less than usual, with occasional fevers and a maximum temperature of 38.9°C (102°F). The patient also has mildly reduced urine output, though continues to make wet diapers and tears while crying. No other medical history is noted. Temperature is 37.5°C (99.5°F), pulse is 100/min, respirations are 32/min, blood pressure is 100/56 mm Hg, and oxygen saturation is 99% on room air. The patient is sitting comfortably in the caregiver's arms with no acute distress. Physical exam reveals an occasional cough, nasal congestion, and crusting around the nares. Mucous membranes are tacky. Cardiopulmonary exam is unremarkable. Slightly reduced skin turgor is noted. Laboratory studies are displayed below. A viral swab is sent, and the patient tests positive for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Which of the following best describes this child's presentation?
| Test | Result |
| Sodium | 144 mEq/L |
| Potassium | 4.1 mEq/L |
| Chloride | 104 mEq/L |
| Bicarbonate | 24 mEq/L |
| Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) | 10 mg/dL |
| Creatinine | 0.4 mg/dL |
| Glucose | 90 mg/dL |
| Calcium | 9.5 mg/dL |
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