Shock Quiz: Ace Your Exams

Get ready to dominate your medical and nursing exams by using our dynamic quizzes to elevate your knowledge and increase your confidence. Whether you're gearing up for the USMLE®, COMLEX®, or your next in-class assessment, Osmosis quizzes tackle key topics in pathology, diagnostics, and treatment approaches. By honing in on clinical readiness and decision-making, we make sure the knowledge you gain empowers you both in the classroom and in real-world practice. Jump in and supercharge your exam prep!

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A 78-year-old female presents to the emergency department with altered mental status. She was found down by her neighbors, who immediately called EMS. Medical history is notable for multiple myeloma, for which she is currently undergoing treatment. Temperature is 38.9°C (102°F), pulse is 137/min, respirations are 26/min, blood pressure is 87/60 mmHg, and O₂ saturation is 89% on room air. Physical exam reveals a cachectic, ill-appearing woman who is moaning and unable to provide further history. She has bilateral costovertebral angle tenderness to palpation as well as warm and perfused peripheral extremities. Subsequent blood cultures grow gram-negative rods. Which of the following is the most likely trigger of this patient’s clinical presentation?

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Mutation in factor V

Lipid A

Histamine and bradykinin

Streptolysin O

Thromboplastin