Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A Strep) Quiz: Ace Your Exams

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A 10-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department because of generalized body swelling. The swelling started 2 days ago when his parent noticed swelling around the patient’s eyes. Review of systems reveals mild shortness of breath after climbing a flight of stairs. The patient experienced an episode of flu-like symptoms and throat pain 2 weeks ago that responded to over-the-counter medications. Temperature is 37.0°C (98.6°F), pulse is 96/min, respirations are 20/min, and blood pressure is 155/92 mmHg. Physical examination shows periorbital pitting edema and 1+ generalized pitting edema. Pulmonary exam reveals bilateral fine expiratory crackles in the lower lobes. Complete blood count is normal. Serum chemistries and urinalysis findings are as follows:
A table lists lab values. Serum chemistry: Sodium 139, Potassium 3.9, Creatinine 1.4, High ASO titers. Urinalysis: 1+ Protein, Trace Blood, 20-25 Erythrocytes, Red blood cell Casts.

Which of the following is the most likely cause of this patient’s condition?

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