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Iodine deficiency

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Iodine deficiency

Nutrition

Carbohydrates, fat and protein

Carbohydrates and sugars
Fats and lipids
Proteins

Nutritional disorders

Excess Vitamin A
Excess Vitamin D
Vitamin D deficiency
Vitamin K deficiency
Kwashiorkor
Marasmus
Iodine deficiency
Zinc deficiency
Beriberi
Folate (Vitamin B9) deficiency
Niacin (Vitamin B3) deficiency
Vitamin B12 deficiency
Vitamin C deficiency
Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
Fat-soluble vitamin deficiency and toxicity: Pathology review
Water-soluble vitamin deficiency and toxicity: B1-B7: Pathology review
Water-soluble vitamin deficiency and toxicity: B9, B12 and vitamin C: Pathology review
Zinc deficiency and protein-energy malnutrition: Pathology review

Key Takeaways

Iodine deficiency refers to the lack of sufficient amounts of the trace element iodine in the body. Iodine is crucial in the synthesis of thyroid hormones, specifically thyroxine and triiodothyronine. Thyroid hormones play a central role in regulating the normal metabolism. Consequences of iodine deficiency include goiter; cretinism, which results in developmental delays and other health problems; and hypothyroidism.

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Flashcards

Iodine deficiency

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Questions

USMLE® Step 1 style questions USMLE

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A 20-day-old male newborn is brought to the pediatric PA due to poor feeding for the past several weeks. The mother had minimal prenatal care and delivered the baby at home. She had no complications during the pregnancy and took daily prenatal vitamins. The patient is at the 95th percentile for head circumference, 45th percentile for length and 50th percentile for weight. Vital signs are within normal limits. Physical examination reveals a mildly enlarged mass on the neck that is nontender to palpation. There is mild scleral icterus and yellowing of the skin. Fundoscopic examination of the eyes reveals no abnormalities. The tongue is enlarged and protruding from the mouth. The abdomen is mildly distended, with a reducible, soft protruding mass at the umbilicus. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this patient’s condition?