Other thoracic spine treatments

Page created: March 23, 2021

Other thoracic spine treatments

Chronic Week 1

Chronic Week 1

Down syndrome (Trisomy 21)
Galactosemia
Tay-Sachs disease (NORD)
Mucopolysaccharide storage disease type 1 (Hurler syndrome) (NORD)
Phenylketonuria (NORD)
Phenylketonuria (NORD): Year of the Zebra
Classical homocystinuria (NORD)
Homocystinuria
Glycogen storage disease type II (NORD)
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Abnormal heart sounds
Normal heart sounds
Development of the cardiovascular system
Fetal circulation
Aortic valve disease
Mitral valve disease
Pulmonary valve disease
Tricuspid valve disease
Valvular heart disease: Pathology review
Cyanotic congenital heart defects: Pathology review
Acyanotic congenital heart defects: Pathology review
Atrial septal defect
Ventricular septal defect
Patent ductus arteriosus
Coarctation of the aorta
Cardiomyopathies: Pathology review
Approach to cyanosis (newborn): Clinical sciences
Aortic dissections and aneurysms: Pathology review
Peripheral artery disease
Peripheral artery disease: Pathology review
Vasculitis
Vasculitis: Pathology review
Deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism: Pathology review
Raynaud phenomenon
Fryette laws
Diagnosing cervical somatic dysfunction
Spurling test
Cervical spine counterstrain
Cervical spine facilitated positional release
Cervical spine HVLA
Cervical muscle energy treatment
Cervical spine myofascial release
Other cervical spine treatments
Diagnosing lower limb somatic dysfunction
Special tests for the lower limb
Lower limb counterstrain
Lower limb HVLA
Lower limb muscle energy treatment
Lower limb myofascial release
Other lower limb treatments
Diagnosing lumbar spine somatic dysfunction
Lumbar muscle energy treatment
Lumbar spine counterstrain
Lumbar spine facilitated positional release
Lumbar spine HVLA
Lumbar spine myofascial release
Other lumbar spine treatments
Cranial osteopathy: Cranial nerves
Primary respiratory mechanism
Diagnosing cranial somatic dysfunction
Cranial treatments
Diagnosing pelvis somatic dysfunction
Pelvis counterstrain
Pelvis muscle energy treatment
Other pelvis treatments
Diagnosing rib somatic dysfunction
Rib counterstrain
Rib HVLA
Muscle energy for rib somatic dysfunction
Other rib treatments
Diagnosing sacral somatic dysfunction
Sacrum counterstrain
Sacrum muscle energy treatment
Sacrum myofascial release
Diagnosing thoracic spine somatic dysfunction
Thoracic spine counterstrain
Thoracic spine facilitated positional release
Thoracic spine HVLA
Thoracic muscle energy treatment
Thoracic spine myofascial release
Other thoracic spine treatments
Diagnosing upper limb somatic dysfunction
Special tests for the upper limb
Upper limb counterstrain
Upper limb HVLA
Upper limb muscle energy treatment
Upper limb myofascial release
Other upper limb treatments
Angina pectoris
Stable angina
Coronary artery disease: Clinical sciences
Coronary artery disease: Pathology review
Heart failure
Heart failure: Pathology review
Congestive heart failure: Clinical sciences
Dilated cardiomyopathy
Restrictive cardiomyopathy
ACE inhibitors, ARBs and direct renin inhibitors
Adrenergic antagonists: Beta blockers
Calcium channel blockers
Thiazide and thiazide-like diuretics
Loop diuretics
Potassium sparing diuretics
cGMP mediated smooth muscle vasodilators
Lipid-lowering medications: Statins
Cardiac conduction velocity
Cardiac conduction system
ECG basics
ECG normal sinus rhythm
ECG intervals
ECG QRS transition
ECG axis
ECG rate and rhythm
ECG cardiac infarction and ischemia
ECG cardiac hypertrophy and enlargement

Notes

Thoracic spine

Other thoracic spine treatments

Below are several techniques that are less commonly taught at osteopathic schools and / or rarely tested on the COMLEX® exams. These lists are not fully inclusive but are meant to highlight some of the most common or useful applications of each technique.
ARTICULATORY

Diagnosis: Side bending somatic dysfunction

  1. With the patient prone, stand at the side of their side bending restriction and instruct them to turn their head toward you
  2. Place both of your hands in opposite directions around the paravertebral musculature at the involved vertebra, with the fingers of the hand closer to you pointing caudad
  3. With both hands, gently press downward (toward the table) to engage the patient’s spinal motion
  4. With both hands, pull the tissues longitudinally (parallel to the spine) in the direction of your fingers to engage the side bending barrier
  5. Hold the patient in this barrier for about a second, then release the longitudinal force
  6. Repeat steps 4 and 5 until motion is normalized at the involved vertebra
BALANCED LIGAMENTOUS TENSION

Diagnosis: T1–T3 dysfunction

Example: T2 F SRRR
  1. With the patient supine, sit at the head of the table
  2. Place your palms under C2 or C3 and your fingertips bilaterally at the transverse process of T2 and T3
  3. Gently lift the T3 transverse processes to find a point of disengagement between flexion and extension
  4. Gently side bend and rotate T3 to the left while adding minimal rotation of T2 to the right, until a point of balanced tension is palpated
  5. Hold this position until a release is palpated

Diagnosis: T4–T12 dysfunction

Example: T8 N SLRR
  1. Stand behind the seated patient
  2. Place your left thumb at the transverse process of T8, and your right thumb at the transverse process of T9
  3. While monitoring the transverse processes, instruct the patient to lean forward and then backward until a balanced point between flexion and extension is palpated
  4. Instruct the patient to gently side bend to the left and rotate to the right until a balanced point between side bending and rotation is palpated
  5. You may instruct the patient to take several deep breaths or to hold their breath for 10–20 seconds to help facilitate tissue release
SOFT TISSUE

Unilateral prone pressure

  1. With the patient lying prone, stand at the side opposite of the area to be treated
  2. Place palms of both hands (with one slightly overlapping the other) on the patient’s hypertonic thoracic paravertebral musculature
  3. Exert a gentle force downward (into the table) to engage the tissues, and then laterally
  4. Hold the force for a few seconds, then repeat steps 2 and 3 in a gentle, kneading fashion

Bilateral prone pressure with counterpressure

  1. With the patient lying prone, stand on either side of the patient
  2. Place the hypothenar eminence of one hand and the thenar eminence of the other hand around the hypertonic thoracic paravertebral musculature (so fingers of one hand point cephalad while the others point caudad)
  3. Exert a gentle force downward (into the table) with both hands to engage the tissues, and then in the direction the fingers of each hand are pointing, creating distraction of the tissues
  4. Hold the force for a few seconds, then repeat steps 2 and 3 in a gentle, kneading fashion

Thoracic with shoulder block, lateral recumbent method

  1. With the patient in the lateral recumbent position with the side to be treated up, stand facing the patient’s chest
  2. Pass the caudad hand under the patient’s axilla with the fingertips on the medial aspect of the patient’s paravertebral muscles
  3. With the cephalad hand, contact the anterior portion of the shoulder to provide a counterforce
  4. Exert a downward force to engage the tissues with the caudad hand, and then a lateral force to create a perpendicular stretch
  5. Hold the stretch for a few seconds and repeat steps 2–4 in a gentle, kneading fashion
Author: Arman Israelyan, OMS-III
Editor: Matt Lipinski, DO
Editor: Robyn Hughes, MScBMC