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Strongyloides stercoralis

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Strongyloides stercoralis

Parasitology

Ectoparasites

Pediculus humanus and Phthirus pubis (Lice)
Sarcoptes scabiei (Scabies)

Protozoa

Acanthamoeba
Naegleria fowleri (Primary amebic meningoencephalitis)
Toxoplasma gondii (Toxoplasmosis)
Cryptosporidium
Entamoeba histolytica (Amebiasis)
Giardia lamblia
Babesia
Plasmodium species (Malaria)
Leishmania
Trichomonas vaginalis
Trypanosoma brucei
Trypanosoma cruzi (Chagas disease)

Worms

Diphyllobothrium latum
Echinococcus granulosus (Hydatid disease)
Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus
Angiostrongylus (Eosinophilic meningitis)
Anisakis
Ascaris lumbricoides
Enterobius vermicularis (Pinworm)
Guinea worm (Dracunculiasis)
Loa loa (Eye worm)
Onchocerca volvulus (River blindness)
Strongyloides stercoralis
Toxocara canis (Visceral larva migrans)
Trichinella spiralis
Trichuris trichiura (Whipworm)
Wuchereria bancrofti (Lymphatic filariasis)
Clonorchis sinensis
Paragonimus westermani
Schistosomes

Key Takeaways

Strongyloides stercoralis, also known as threadworm, is a human pathogenic parasitic nematode (roundworm) causing the disease strongyloidiasis. The adult parasitic stage lives in tunnels in the mucosa of the small intestine and is contracted from larvae in the soil that penetrate the skin. Symptoms include vomiting, diarrhea, and peptic ulcer-like pain epigastric pain. Treatment usually consists of a combination of medications, such as ivermectin and benzimidazoles.

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Flashcards

Strongyloides stercoralis

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Questions

USMLE® Step 1 style questions USMLE

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A 48-year-old man presents to his primary care provider for evaluation of dull abdominal pain that has been ongoing for the past three months. The pain is intermittent, and poorly localized, but has been increasing in severity. He has also experienced frequent episodes of coughing that sometimes produce bright red blood. Past medical history is notable for hypertension and hypercholesterolemia. The patient works as a farmer and often walks barefoot through the fields. Temperature is 37.0°C (98.6°F), blood pressure is 152/90 mmHg, and pulse is 82/min. The heart and lungs are clear to auscultation. Mild pain is elicited with palpation of the abdomen. Scattered serpiginous rashes are present in the lower extremities. Initial blood work reveals eosinophilia. One of the three stool samples shows larvae. Which of the following pathogens is most likely responsible for this patient’s symptoms?