Osmosis video - Diabetes mellitus: Clinical

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic condition characterized by high blood sugar levels (glycemia). The two types of diabetes mellitus are type 1 and type 2. Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, also called insulin-dependent diabetes, usually begins in childhood or adolescence. In this form of the disease, an autoimmune process triggers the destruction of pancreatic beta cells responsible for producing insulin, and thus the body produces little or no insulin. Insulin is a hormone that helps the body to use sugar for energy.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus, also called non-insulin-dependent diabetes, usually begins in adulthood. In this type, the body produces insulin but becomes resistant to it, meaning it cannot use it effectively. Type 2 diabetes mellitus has a genetic component, and a sedentary lifestyle and obesity significantly elevate its risk.